| Mentawai | |
|---|---|
| Mantawai, Mentawei, Mentawi | |
| Nganga Simatawe | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra |
| Ethnicity | Mentawai people Sakuddei people |
Native speakers | (58,000 cited 2000 census)[1] |
| Dialects | Mentawai dialects |
| Latin (Mentawai alphabet) | |
| Official status | |
| Regulated by | Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mwv |
| Glottolog | ment1249 |
 Mentawai in pink (Mantawai) | |
Mentawai (/ˌmɛntəˈwaɪ/ MEN-tuh-wai; Nganga Simatawe, IPA: [ˈŋa.ŋa siˈma.ta.we], Indonesian: Bahasa Mentawai [baˈha.sa mənˈtawai]), also known as Mantawai, Mentawei and Mentawi, is an Austronesian language, spoken by the Mentawai and Sakuddei people of the Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia.
Dialects and sub-dialects
[edit]According to Ethnologue, Mentawai dialects include: Silabu, Sipura – Simalegi, Sakalagan, Saumanganja – North Siberut, South Siberut – Taikaku – Pagai.[1]
Syamsir Arifin, et al. (1992) list twelve dialects of Mentawai:
- Mentawai
- South Siberut
- Madobat
- Salappa
- Ulubaga
- Sipora
- Bariulou
- Bosua
- Sioban
- North Pagai
- Pasapuat
- Silabu
- Saumanganya
- South Pagai
- Boriai
- Bulasat
- Sikakap
- South Siberut
Dialects in Siberut Island are:[2]
- Sikapone
- Togiiite
- Pokai
- Simajegi
- Simatalu
- Paipajet
- Sakuddei
- Sagulubbe
- Sirileleu
- Sikabaluan
- Sempungan
- Saibi & Sarabua
- Silaoinan
- Sarareiket
- Sabirut
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | (t͡ɕ) | k |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʑ | ɡ | |
| Fricative | s | ||||
| Lateral | l | ||||
| Rhotic | r | ||||
| Semivowel | w | j | |||
- Allophones of /b ɡ k/ can be heard as [β ɣ ʔ]. [t͡ɕ] is a distinct sound in Mentawai, but not given phoneme status by Syamsir et al. because of the lack of minimal contrasts.[3]
- The semivowels /w j/ only appear in final position.
Vowels
[edit]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
References
[edit]- ^ a b Mentawai at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ "Findresults.site".
- ^ Arifin, Malano & Kasim (1992)
Bibliography
[edit]- Arifin, Syamsir; Malano, Nasroel; Kasim, Yuslina (1992). Fonologi Bahasa Mentawai [Mentawai Language Phonology] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaa.
- Adriani, N. (1928). "Spraakkunstige Schets van de Taal der Mĕntawai-Eilanden" [Grammar Sketch of the Language of the Mĕntawai Islands]. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 84 (1): 1–117. doi:10.1163/22134379-90001493. JSTOR 20770239.
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