Perang Koalisi Kedua

Koalisi Kedua
Bagian dari Peperangan Revolusioner Prancis

Louis-François Lejeune: Pertempuran Marengo
Tanggal1798–1802
LokasiEropa, Timur Tengah, Laut Tengah, Laut Caribbean
Hasil

Kemenangan Prancis, Perjanjian Lunéville, Perjanjian Amiens

  • Republik Prancis selamat
  • Aneksasi sebelumnya oleh Prancis terkonfirmasi
  • Perselisihan berlanjut pada 1803 dengan pembentukan Koalisi Ketiga melawan Prancis
Pihak terlibat

Koalisi Kedua:

 Kekaisaran Romawi Suci[1]
Monarki Habsburg Austria
 Britania Raya (sampai 1801)
 Britania Raya (dari 1801)
 Kekaisaran Rusia (sampai 1799)
Kerajaan Prancis Royalis Prancis
 Portugal
 Kerajaan Naples
Ordo Militer Berdaulat Malta Ordo Santo Yohanes (1798)
Malta (1798-1800)
 Kekaisaran Ottoman

 Prancis
 Spanyol
Legiun Polandia
Denmark Denmark–Norwegia[2]
Republik klien Prancis:

  •  Republik Batavia
  •  Republik Helvetik
  • Kerajaan Italia (Napoleon) Republik Cisalpine
  • Kerajaan Italia (Napoleon) Republik Roma (sampai 1799)[3]
  • Kerajaan Italia (Napoleon) Republik Parthenopaean (1799)[4]
Tokoh dan pemimpin
  • Monarki Habsburg Franz II
  • Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia William Pitt (sampai 1801)
  • Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia Henry Addington (dari 1801)
  • Kekaisaran Rusia Paulus I (sampai 1799)
  • Portugal Maria I
  • Kerajaan Napoli Ferdinand IV
  • Ordo Militer Berdaulat Malta Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim  Menyerah
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Perang Koalisi Kedua
  • Corfu
  • Ostrach
  • Feldkirch
  • Stockach ke-1
  • Verona
  • Magnano
  • Cassano
  • Bassignana
  • Winterthur
  • Zurich ke-1
  • Modena
  • Trebbia
  • Mantua
  • Novi
  • Callantsoog
  • Insiden Vlieter
  • Krabbendam
  • Mannheim
  • Bergen
  • Zurich ke-2
  • Alkmaar
  • Castricum
  • Genola
  • Wiesloch
  • Genoa
  • Hohentwiel
  • Stockach ke-2
  • Messkirch
  • Biberach
  • Benteng Bard
  • Montebello
  • Marengo
  • Höchstädt
  • Neuburg
  • Ampfing
  • Hohenlinden
  • Mincio
  • Copenhagen
  • Algeciras (ke-1 • ke-2)
  • Porto Ferrajo
Ikhtisar strategis dari operasi-operasi di Eropa dan Laut Tengah pada 1798–1799

Perang Koalisi Kedua (1798–1802) adalah sebuah perang kedua pada masa revolusi Prancis oleh para monarki konservatif Eropa, yang dipimpin oleh Inggris, Austria dan Rusia, dan meliputi Kekaisaran Ottoman, Portugal dan Naples. Tujuan mereka adalah membuat Prancis menjadi republik. Mereka gagal untuk meruntuhkan rezim revolusioner dan mendapatkan wilayah Prancis sejak 1793 yang terkonfirmasi. Persekutuan tersebut membuat sebuah aliansi baru dan berupaya untuk membalas penaklukan militer Prancis pada masa sebelumnya.

Sumber

Catatan dan kutipan

  1. ^ Secara nominal Kekaisaran Romawi Suci, yang meliputi Belanda Austria dan Kadipaten Milan yang berada dibawah kekuasaan langsung Austria. Terdapat pula beberapa negara Italia lainnya serta negara Habsburg lainnya seperti Kadipaten Agung Toskana.
  2. ^ Secara resmi netral namun armada Denmark diserang oleh Inggris di Pertempuran Copenhagen.
  3. ^ Dibubarkan setelah pengembalian Negara Gereja yang netral pada 1799.
  4. ^ Negara berumur pendek yang digantikan Kerajaan Naples pada 1799.

Daftar pustaka

  • Acerbi, Enrico. "The 1799 Campaign in Italy: Klenau and Ott Vanguards and the Coalition’s Left Wing April–June 1799". Napoleon Series, Robert Burnham, editor in chief. March 2008. Retrieved 30 October 2009.
  • Ashton, John. English caricature and satire on Napoleon I. London: Chatto & Windus, 1888.
  • Blanning, Timothy. The French Revolutionary Wars. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-340-56911-5.
  • Boycott-Brown, Martin. The Road to Rivoli. London: Cassell & Co., 2001. ISBN 0-304-35305-1.
  • Bruce, Robert B. et al. Fighting techniques of the Napoleonic Age, 1792–1815. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press, 2008, 978-0312375874
  • Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan, 1966. ISBN 978-0-02-523660-8; comprehensive coverage of N's battles
  • Dwyer, Philip. Napoleon: The Path to Power (2008) excerpt vol 1
  • Englund, Steven (2010). Napoleon: A Political Life. Scribner. 
  • Gill, John. Thunder on the Danube Napoleon's Defeat of the Habsburgs, Volume 1. London: Frontline Books, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84415-713-6.
  • Griffith, Paddy. The Art of War of Revolutionary France, 1789-1802 (1998)
  • Hochedlinger, Michael. Austria's Wars of Emergence 1683–1797. London: Pearson, 2003, ISBN 0-582-29084-8.
  • Kagan, Frederick W. The End of the Old Order. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press 2006, ISBN 978-0-306-81545-4.
  • Mackesy, Piers. British Victory in Egypt: The End of Napoleon's Conquest (2010)
  • Mackesy, Piers. War Without Victory: The Downfall of Pitt, 1799-1802 (1984)
  • Markham, Felix (1963). Napoleon. Mentor. ; 303pp; short biography by an Oxford scholar
  • McLynn, Frank (1998). Napoleon. Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-6247-2. ; well-written popular history
  • Pivka, Otto von. Armies of the Napoleonic Era. New York: Taplinger Publishing, 1979. ISBN 0-8008-5471-3
  • Phipps, Ramsay Weston. The Armies of the First French Republic, volume 5: The armies of the Rhine in Switzerland, Holland, Italy, Egypt and the coup d'état of Brumaire, 1797–1799, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1939.
  • Roberts, Andrew. Napoleon: A Life (2014)
  • Rodger, Alexander Bankier. The War of the Second Coalition: 1798 to 1801, a strategic commentary (Clarendon Press, 1964)
  • Rothenberg, Gunther E. Napoleon’s Great Adversaries: Archduke Charles and the Austrian Army 1792–1814. Spellmount: Stroud, (Gloucester), 2007. ISBN 978-1-86227-383-2.
  • Schroeder, Paul W. "The Collapse of the Second Coalition," Journal of Modern History (1987) 59#2 pp. 244–290 in JSTOR
  • Schroeder, Paul W. The Transformation of European Politics 1763-1848 (1994) 920pp; advanced history and analysis of major diplomacy online
  • Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1998. ISBN 1-85367-276-9
  • _____. Klenau. "Mesko". "Quosdanovich". Leopold Kudrna and Digby Smith (compilers). A biographical dictionary of all Austrian Generals in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1792–1815. The Napoleon Series, Robert Burnham, editor in chief. April 2008 version. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
  • _____. Charge! Great cavalry charges of the Napoleonic Wars. London: Greenhill, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85367-722-9
  • Thompson, J.M. (1951). Napoleon Bonaparte: His Rise and Fall. Oxford U.P. , 412pp; by an Oxford scholar

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1788
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1790
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1791
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1794
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1793
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1794
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1795
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1796
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1797
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1798
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1799
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1800
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