Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
- Politics of India
- Political parties
- Elections
The Uttarakhand Kranti Dal (translation: Uttarakhand Revolutionary Party; abbr. UKD), is a registered unrecognised regional political party in Uttarakhand, India. Founded in 1979, the party was built upon the aim of establishing a separate hill-state to combat administrative neglect and ensure sustainable development with respect to the sensitive ecology of the Himalayan region. Through the 80s and late 90s UKD became the principal leader of the Uttarakhand Statehood Movement and is credited by for bringing about the separation and creation of Uttarakhand as the 27th state of India on 9 November 2000.
In the present Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, elected in 2022, it did not have any member as compared with one member in the previous 2012, three members in 2007 and four members in 2002 assembly elections of the state.[1]
History
The UKD was established after an extended period of non-unified civil activism movements across Uttar the hilly districts of Uttar Pradesh on 26 July 1979 by Bipin Chandra Tripathi, Prof. Devi Datt Pant, Indramani Badoni and Kashi Singh Airy at Nanital. The party was formed under the leadership of some of the major political forces within the region and aimed at promoting unified activism to struggle for a separate state composed of the hill districts of Uttar Pradesh.
The founding convention was chaired by Prof. Devi Datt Pant, former vice-chancellor of Kumaon University. Under the young leadership of Kashi Singh Airy who took the charge of struggle and public agitations.
In 1988, Badoni did a 105-day foot march under the banner of Uttarakhand Kranti Dal. This procession ran from Tawaghat in Pithoragarh to Dehradun. He went from door to door in the village and told the people the benefits of a separate state. In 1992, he declared Gairsain the capital of Uttarakhand on the day of Makar Sankranti in Bageshwar.[2]
The Uttarakhand Movement soon bore fruition after various cases of police administrative and police brutality in the later half of the movement, when the separate Uttaranchal state was formed on 9 November 2000 by the then BJP lead government. The change in state name to "Uttaranchal" garnered widespread criticism from UKD representatives and civilian activists for being an attempt at diluting the sacrifice of regional groups like the UKD.
However, in the first-ever state assembly elections in 2002, the party won only four out of 70 seats and was outmaneuvered by the Indian National Congress and Bharatiya Janata Party, both despite being latecomers to the Uttarakhand statehood movement, succeeded in capturing its momentum for electoral gain and formed governments in the state.[citation needed]
Leadership
The party's current face is Kashi Singh Airy, a prominent leader of the Uttarakhand statehood movement and a senior leader of Uttarakhand Kranti Dal, who was elected for Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly three times (1985–1989, 1989–1991, 1993–1996) from Didihat and was elected for first Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. The executive president of the party is Surendra Kukreti—senior statehood activist and prominent face of Uttarakhand statehood movement who fought from the forefront in the creation of Uttarakhand state. Jaswant Singh Bisht was the first elected MLA of the party from Ranikhet constituency. Other personalities include Indramani Badoni, Devi Datt Pant, Bipin Chandra Tripathi and Diwakar Bhatt who were among the founding members and long time agitators for the Uttarakhand statehood movement.
Factionalism and decline
In the 2012 Uttarakhand Assembly election, Uttarakhand Kranti Dal contested as Uttarakhand Kranti Dal (P) led by then party president Trivendra Singh Panwar. The original party name and the election symbol (chair) was frozen by the Election Commission of India following the factionalism and leadership dispute within the party that led to its breakup. The splinter group Uttarakhand Kranti Dal (D) led by former MLA and Cabinet Minister in the Khanduri government and later Pokhriyal government, Diwakar Bhatt broke away from the UKD with his supporters claiming the original party leadership. Pritam Singh Panwar was the only winning candidate of the party in the 2012 Assembly election, who ran under the UKD(P) banner.
Uttarakhand Kranti Dal's original name and party symbol were restored in 2017 with the merger of both groups.
The party's performance in various assembly and parliamentary elections has been on a consistent decline. The main reasons cited for UKD's decline in the politics of Uttarakhand are; inner factionalism, loss of voter base to other parties and frequent switching for power share between the BJP and Congress governments, which is often viewed negatively as political opportunism.
Electoral performance
Uttar Pradesh
Legislative Assembly elections
Year | Legislature | Party leader | Seats won | Change in seats | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1980 | 8th Vidhan Sabha | Devi Datt Pant | 0 / 425 | – | |
1985 | 9th Vidhan Sabha | Indramani Badoni | 0 / 425 | ||
1989 | 10th Vidhan Sabha | Bipin Chandra Tripathi | 1 / 425 | 1 | Opposition |
1991 | 11th Vidhan Sabha | 0 / 425 | 1 | – | |
1993 | 12th Vidhan Sabha | Kashi Singh Airy | 1 / 425 | 1 | Opposition |
1996 | 13th Vidhan Sabha | 0 / 425 | 1 | – |
Lok Sabha elections
Year | Legislature | Party leader | Seats won | Change in seats | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1980 | 7th Lok Sabha | Devi Datt Pant | 0 / 85 | – | |
1984 | 8th Lok Sabha | Indramani Badoni | 0 / 85 | ||
1989 | 9th Lok Sabha | Bipin Chandra Tripathi | 0 / 85 | ||
1991 | 10th Lok Sabha | 0 / 85 | |||
1996 | 11th Lok Sabha | Kashi Singh Airy | 0 / 85 | ||
1998 | 12th Lok Sabha | 0 / 85 | |||
1999 | 13th Lok Sabha | 0 / 85 |
Uttarakhand
Legislative Assembly elections
Year | Legislature | Party leader | Seats won | Change in seats | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 1st Vidhan Sabha | Bipin Chandra Tripathi | 4 / 70 | 4 | Opposition |
2007 | 2nd Vidhan Sabha | Diwakar Bhatt | 3 / 70 | 1 | Government with BJP |
2012 | 3rd Vidhan Sabha | Trivendra Singh Panwar | 1 / 70 | 2 | Government with INC |
2017 | 4th Vidhan Sabha | Kashi Singh Airy | 0 / 70 | 1 | – |
2022 | 5th Vidhan Sabha | Diwakar Bhatt | 0 / 70 |
Lok Sabha elections
Year | Legislature | Party leader | Seats won | Change in seats | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 14th Lok Sabha | Bipin Chandra Tripathi | 0 / 5 | – | |
2009 | 15th Lok Sabha | Diwakar Bhatt | 0 / 5 | ||
2014 | 16th Lok Sabha | Trivendra Singh Panwar | 0 / 5 | ||
2019 | 17th Lok Sabha | Kashi Singh Airy | 0 / 5 | ||
2024 | 18th Lok Sabha | Diwakar Bhatt | 0 / 5 |
Legacy
The party has taken on various campaigns in the past geared towards the social and economic upliftment of the Pahari people. The party has embraced a number of causes of concern to the diversity of people living in Uttarakhand, defining the Uttarakhandi identity in broad and inclusive terms. As such, its ideology of civic as opposed to ethnic nationalism can be compared to other centre-left nationalist parties like the Scottish National Party or the Plaid Cymru, although its orientation and goals are emphatically non-secessionist.
The party has been among the most active campaigners of the bhu Kanoon Movement and campaigned heavily to ensure judicial justice in the Ankita Bhandari Murder case.
See also
- Revolutionary Party
- List of socialist parties
- Bharatiya Janata Party, Uttarakhand
- Uttarakhand Pradesh Congress Committee
- List of political parties in India
References
- ^ 2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election
- ^ Lohani, Girish (18 August 2019). "Indramani Badoni Archives". Kafal Tree. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
External links
- Official Website of Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
- A website established by UKD supporters.
- उत्तराखण्ड क्रान्ति दल का इतिहास
- A video of UKD public meeting
- Uttarakhand Solidarity Network Web Portal Library
- allindoon.com
- legalassistanceforum.org
- lawcollegedehradun.com
- garhwalpost.com
- v
- t
- e
- Aam Aadmi Party
- Bahujan Samaj Party
- Bharatiya Janata Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist)
- Indian National Congress
- National People's Party
- AJSU Party
- All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
- All India Forward Bloc
- All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen
- All India N.R. Congress
- All India Trinamool Congress
- All India United Democratic Front
- Apna Dal (Soneylal)
- Asom Gana Parishad
- Bharat Rashtra Samithi
- Biju Janata Dal
- Bodoland People's Front
- Communist Party of India
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
- Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
- Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
- Goa Forward Party
- Hill State People's Democratic Party
- Indian National Lok Dal
- Indian Union Muslim League
- Indigenous People's Front of Tripura
- Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
- Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party
- Jana Sena Party
- Janata Dal (Secular)
- Janata Dal (United)
- Jannayak Janta Party
- Janta Congress Chhattisgarh (J)
- Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
- Kerala Congress (M)
- Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)
- Maharashtra Navnirman Sena
- Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party
- Mizo National Front
- Naam Tamilar Katchi
- Naga People's Front
- Nationalist Congress Party
- Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar
- Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party
- People's Party of Arunachal
- People's Democratic Front
- Rashtriya Janata Dal
- Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party
- Rashtriya Lok Samta Party
- Rashtriya Loktantrik Party
- Revolutionary Goans Party
- Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Samajwadi Party
- Shiromani Akali Dal
- Shiv Sena
- Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)
- Sikkim Democratic Front
- Sikkim Krantikari Morcha
- Telugu Desam Party
- Tipra Motha Party
- United Democratic Party
- United People's Party, Liberal
- Voice of the People Party
- Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi
- Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party
- Zoram Nationalist Party
- Zoram People's Movement
parties
- Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi
- All India Rajakulathor Peravai
- Ambedkarite Party of India
- Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam
- Gana Suraksha Party
- Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
- Apna Dal
- Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)
- Bahujan Mukti Party
- Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh
- Bharatiya Tribal Party
- Communist Marxist Party
- Congress (Secular)
- Democratic Azad Party
- Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)
- Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi
- Goa Vikas Party
- Gondwana Ganatantra Party
- Gorkha Janmukti Morcha
- Hamro Sikkim Party
- Hindustan Janta Party
- Hindustani Awam Morcha
- Ikkjutt Jammu
- Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi
- Indian National League
- Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party
- Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference
- Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party
- Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)
- Jannayak Janta Party
- Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)
- Jebamani Janata
- Jharkhand Party
- Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party
- Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement
- Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)
- Kerala Congress (Jacob)
- Kerala Congress (Thomas)
- Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi
- Lok Insaaf Party
- Loktantrik Janata Dal
- Mahan Dal
- Makkal Needhi Maiam
- Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
- Marxist Co-ordination Committee
- National Secular Conference
- NISHAD Party
- Pattali Makkal Katchi
- Puratchi Bharatham Katchi
- Puthiya Needhi Katchi
- Puthiya Tamilagam
- Raijor Dal
- Rashtriya Lok Morcha
- Rashtriya Samaj Paksha
- Republican Party of India (Athawale)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)
- Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)
- Shiv Sangram
- Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)
- Sikkim National People's Party
- Social Democratic Party of India
- Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
- Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party
- Swabhimani Paksha
- Swatantra Bharat Paksh
- Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)
- Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam
- Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam
- Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi
- Telangana Jana Samithi
- Tipraha Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance
- United Goans Democratic Party
- Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
- Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi
- Vikassheel Insaan Party
- Welfare Party of India