Lutheran hymn
Martin Luther was a great enthusiast for music, and this is why it forms a large part of Lutheran services; in particular, Luther admired the composers Josquin des Prez and Ludwig Senfl and wanted singing in the church to move away from the ars perfecta (Catholic Sacred Music of the late Renaissance) and towards singing as a Gemeinschaft (community).[1] Lutheran hymns are sometimes known as chorales. Lutheran hymnody is well known for its doctrinal, didactic, and musical richness. Most Lutheran churches are active musically with choirs, handbell choirs, children's choirs, and occasionally change ringing groups that ring bells in a bell tower. Johann Sebastian Bach, a devout Lutheran, composed music for the Lutheran church: more than half of his over 1000 compositions are or contain Lutheran hymns.
History
Lutheran hymnals include:
- Achtliederbuch, a.k.a. the first Lutheran hymnal (1524). Contains, among others, "Nun freut euch, lieben Christen g'mein", "Es ist das Heil uns kommen her", "Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein", "Es spricht der Unweisen Mund wohl" and "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir".
- Erfurt Enchiridion (1524)
- Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn (1524)
- Becker Psalter (1602)
- Praxis pietatis melica (1640/47)
- Neu Leipziger Gesangbuch (1682)
Characteristics
When Johannes Zahn catalogued the tunes of over 8800 Evangelical hymns in the late 19th century, he used the verse characteristics of the lyrics as basis of his classification system.[2]
Hymnodists
Lutheran hymnodists or hymn-writers:
- Martin Behm
- Elisabeth Cruciger
- Simon Dach
- Wolfgang Dachstein
- Paul Eber
- Paul Fleming
- Johann Franck
- Michael Franck
- Paul Gerhardt
- Johannes Gigas
- N. F. S. Grundtvig
- Claus Harms
- Johann Heermann
- Ludwig Helmbold
- Valerius Herberger
- Konrad Hubert
- Justus Jonas
- Christian Keymann
- Balthasar Kindermann
- Johann Kolross
- Martin Luther
- Hemminki of Masku
- Johann Matthäus Meyfart
- Georg Neumark
- Hallgrímur Pétursson
- Christian Heinrich Postel
- Adam Reusner
- Bartholomäus Ringwaldt
- Martin Rinkart
- Johann Rist
- Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer
- Carl Schalk
- Martin Schalling the Younger
- Lazarus Spengler
- Paul Speratus
- Paul Stockmann
- Melchior Teschner
- N. Samuel of Tranquebar
- Jaroslav Vajda
- Michael Weiße
- Catherine Winkworth
Hymnologists
Hymnologists who published on Lutheran hymns:
- Nancy Raabe[3][4]
- Philipp Wackernagel
- Johannes Zahn
References
Citations
- ^ Taruskin, Richard (2010). The Oxford History of Western Music. Volume I: Music in the Earliest Notations to the Sixteenth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 753–758.
- ^ Zahn 1889, p. 4.
- ^ "Nancy M Raabe, Pastor, Musician". nancyraabe.com. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
- ^ "Nancy M Raabe, Books, Articles, Presentations". nancyraabe.com. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
Sources
- Zahn, Johannes (1889). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. I: Zweizeilige bis fünfzeilige Melodien (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. Melodies in two to five lines (Nos. 1–2047)
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: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Zahn, Johannes (1890a). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. II: Sechszeilige Melodien (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. Melodies in six lines (Nos. 2048–4216)
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: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Zahn, Johannes (1890b). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. III: Die siebenzeiligen und jambischen achtzeiligen Melodien (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. Melodies in seven and eight iambic lines (Nos. 4217–6231)
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: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Zahn, Johannes (1891). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. IV: Die Melodien von den achtzeiligen trochäischen bis zu den zehnzeiligen inkl. enthaltend (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. Melodies in eight trochaic up to and including ten lines (Nos. 6232–8087)
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: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Zahn, Johannes (1892). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. V: Die übrigen Melodien von den elfzeiligen an, nebst Anhang und Nachlese, sowie das chronologische Verzeichnis der Erfinder von Melodien und alphabetische Register der Melodien (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. The other melodies of eleven lines and more, with an annex and complement, and also a chronological index of composers of melodies and an alphabetical register of melodies (Nos.8088–8806)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Zahn, Johannes (1893). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder, Vol. VI: Schlüßband: Chronologisches Verzeichnis der benutzten Gesang-, Melodien- und Choralbücher, und die letzten Nachträge (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. Closing volume: chronological catalogue of used song-, melody- and choirbooks, and the last additions
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: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
- v
- t
- e
- Christian Worship (1993)
- Common Service Book (1917)
- Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book (1912)
- Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary (1996)
- Evangelical Lutheran Worship (2006)
- Lutheran Book of Worship (1978)
- The Lutheran Hymnal (1941)
- Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement (1989)
- Lutheran Service Book (2006)
- Lutheran Worship (1982)
- ReClaim Hymnal (2006)
- Service Book and Hymnal (1958)
- First Lutheran hymnal (1524)
- Erfurt Enchiridion (1524)
- Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn (1524)
- Praxis pietatis melica (1640/47)
- Becker Psalter (1602)
- Evangelisches Gesangbuch (1993)
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and
hymnologists
- Mikael Agricola
- Johann Georg Albinus
- Albert von Brandenburg
- Michael Altenburg
- Anna Sophia II
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Emilie Juliane of Barby-Mühlingen
- Martin Behm
- Sigmund von Birken
- Carl Boberg
- Birgitte Cathrine Boye
- Hans Adolph Brorson
- Johan Nordahl Brun
- Joachim a Burck
- Dieterich Buxtehude
- Christian Cappelen
- Elisabeth Cruciger
- Johann Crüger
- Simon Dach
- Wolfgang Dachstein
- Nikolaus Decius
- Paul Eber
- Ludmilla Elisabeth
- Princess Eugénie
- Jacobus Finno
- Paul Fleming
- Johann Franck
- Michael Franck
- Melchior Franck
- Salomon Franck
- Frans Michael Franzén
- Erik Gustaf Geijer
- Paul Gerhardt
- Bartholomäus Gesius
- Johannes Gigas
- N. F. S. Grundtvig
- Britt G. Hallqvist
- Andreas Hammerschmidt
- Claus Harms
- Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg
- Christian Fürchtegott Gellert
- Johann Heermann
- Ludwig Helmbold
- Valerius Herberger
- Nikolaus Herman
- Johannes Hermann
- Sebald Heyden
- Anders Hovden
- Konrad Hubert
- Bernhard Severin Ingemann
- Justus Jonas
- Sigfrid Karg-Elert
- Christian Keymann
- Balthasar Kindermann
- Thomas Kingo
- Børre Knudsen
- Johann Kolross
- Johann Balthasar König
- Julius Krohn
- Magnus Brostrup Landstad
- Ludvig Mathias Lindeman
- Elias Lönnrot
- Matthäus Apelles von Löwenstern
- Matthias Loy
- Sigurd Lunde
- Martin Luther
- Wilhelmi Malmivaara
- Hemminki of Masku
- Felix Mendelssohn
- Johann Matthäus Meyfart
- Georg Neumark
- Erdmann Neumeister
- Philipp Nicolai
- Johann Pachelbel
- Hallgrímur Pétursson
- Michael Praetorius
- Christian Heinrich Postel
- Adam Reusner
- Bartholomäus Ringwaldt
- Martin Rinkart
- Johann Rist
- Christian Knorr von Rosenroth
- Daniel Rumpius
- Johan Runeberg
- Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer
- Lina Sandell
- Carl Schalk
- Martin Schalling
- Heinrich Scheidemann
- Johann Hermann Schein
- Benjamin Schmolck
- Cyriakus Schneegass
- Johann Schop
- Johann Balthasar Schupp
- Heinrich Schütz
- Nikolaus Selnecker
- Eyvind Skeie
- Haquin Spegel
- Lazarus Spengler
- Paul Speratus
- Philipp Spitta
- Paul Stockmann
- Jesper Swedberg
- Jiří Třanovský
- Melchior Teschner
- N. Samuel of Tranquebar
- Zachris Topelius
- Leonard Typpö
- Jaroslav Vajda
- Gottfried Vopelius
- Philipp Wackernagel
- Johan Olof Wallin
- Johann Walter
- Michael Weiße
- Georg Weissel
- Olle Widestrand
- Carl David af Wirsén
- Catherine Winkworth
- Johannes Zahn