Thirty four encampments were established in the United Kingdom;[2] across universities in Australia,[3] beginning with the University of Sydney;[4] and in Canada, including an encampment at McGill University.[5] On May 7, protests spread further on European campuses after mass arrests at the University of Amsterdam campus occupation,[6] including occupation of campus buildings at Leipzig University in Germany, Sciences Po in France, and Ghent University in Belgium.[7] As of May 8, protests have taken place in more than 25 countries.[8] On May 13, approximately 1,000 Dutch students and university staff took part in a national walk-out.[9]
Pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses started in 2023 and escalated in April 2024, spreading in the United States and other countries, as part of wider Israel–Hamas war protests. The escalation began after mass arrests at the Columbia University campus occupation, led by anti-Zionist groups, in which protesters demanded the university's disinvestment from Israel over its alleged genocide of Palestinians.[10] In the U.S. over 3,100 protesters have been arrested,[11] including faculty members and professors,[12][13] on over 60 campuses.[14] On May 7, protests spread across Europe with mass arrests in the Netherlands.[15][16] By May 12, twenty encampments had been established in the United Kingdom, and across universities in Australia and Canada.[17][18] The protests largely ended as universities closed for the summer.[19]
The different protests' varying demands include severing financial ties with Israel, transparency over financial ties, an end to partnerships with Israeli institutions,[20] and amnesty for protesters.[21] Universities have suspended and expelled student protesters, in some cases evicting them from campus housing.[12][22][23] Some universities have relied on police to forcibly disband encampments and end occupations of buildings,[24] others made agreements with protesters for encampments to be dismantled,[25] and a number of universities have cut ties with Israeli institutions, or companies involved with Israel and its occupied territories.[a] The occupations have also resulted in the closure of Columbia University,[32]Cal Poly Humboldt,[33] and the University of Amsterdam;[34]rolling strikes by academic workers on campuses in California;[35] and the cancellation of a few university graduation ceremonies in the U.S., with protests occurring at various ceremonies.[36][37][38]
Over 200 groups have expressed support for the protests,[39] as well as U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders, various members of Congress, several labor unions,[40][41][42] hundreds of university staff in the United Kingdom,[43][44] and Iran's supreme leaderAli Khamenei.[45] The police response to the protests has been criticized by various Democrats[46][47][48] and human rights organizations.[49][50] An estimated 8% of college students have participated in protests,[51] 97% of protests have remained nonviolent,[52] and 28–40% of Americans support the protests with 42–47% opposed.[53][54] The protests have been compared to the anti-Vietnam and 1968 protests.[55][56]
Supporters of Israel and some Jewish students have raised concerns about antisemitic incidents at or around the protests,[57] prompting condemnations of the protests from leaders including President Joe Biden,[21] Prime Minister of the Netherlands Mark Rutte,[58] and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu;[59] as well as concern from Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese[60] and UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak.[61] Students and faculty members who have participated in the protests, some of whom are Jewish, have said the protests are not antisemitic.[62][63][64]
Argentina
On April 25, around 20 students held a sit-in in the lobby of NYU Buenos Aires, aiming to show solidarity with NYU protesters in Manhattan and calling on the institution to cut ties with Israel.[65][66]
Australia
University of Sydney
"Gaza Solidarity Encampment" at the University of Sydney, April 26, 2024
On April 23, an encampment was set up at the University of Sydney, in the main Quadrangle, underneath the historic clock tower. Students have been supporting the camp by donating food, materials and supplies.[4] Chief executive of the university Mark Scott says he is allowing the protests to continue, despite incidents such as graffiti that are being investigated, because protest and free speech are "part of who we are", noting other protests related to issues such as the World War I conscription debate and the Vietnam War anti-war movement.[67]
The university ordered the encampment to disperse on June 14, saying that the protest was disrupting preparations for the next semester, and that the university considered these preparations "core university operations", for which disruption by protests is not allowed. Start of semester welcome events are usually held on the lawn the encampment is located on.[68][69]
On June 17, the encampment ended, with students saying further protest action would come in the next semester.[68]
University of Melbourne
On April 25, University of Melbourne students began an encampment on the South Lawn of the main campus in Parkville. Protesters and counter-protesters have been regularly interacting, including a standoff where both groups stood on either side of a moat.[70][71] Far-right political activist Avi Yemini attended a "No Hate" rally on May 3 in support of Israel. The protesters were outnumbered by Palestine protesters, including those from the encampment. There was a scuffle between him and two pro-Palestine protesters, who allegedly had a microphone shoved in their faces and one of whom was pushed to the ground by a bodyguard. An executive of the Melbourne University Jewish Students' Society, which helped organise the rally, said that they were disappointed with Yemini "co-opting" the rally, which they said was "dehumanising" to both the encampment and Jewish students, with him turning a day that was supposed to be about "unity" into something now "clouded by his image".[72] On May 15, demonstrators began occupying the Arts West building. They also unofficially renamed the building "Mahmoud’s Hall", referencing a Palestinian student killed in Palestine before he was due to begin studies at the University of Melbourne. Classes in the building have been cancelled.[73] On May 16, deputy vice-chancellor Michael Wesley announced that Victoria Police were authorized to use force to evict the protesters from the building.[74][75] A meeting was held between protesters and university administrators was held on May 17, but no agreement was reached.[76]
On May 22, protesters agreed to end the encampment and occupation of the Arts West building, after the university agreed to disclose connections to weapons manufacturers.[77]
Monash University
Monash encampment on 2 May, 2024 (Second day after founding)
The remains of the encampment while being cleared on 17 May, 2024
An encampment started at Monash University on May 1. The camp was regularly attacked, with protesters alleging they were physically assaulted and verbally harassed. On May 2, the camp was attacked by counter-protesters draped in the Australian and Israeli flags, who destroyed the camp kitchen and shook a protester's tent whilst she slept. Police attended, but no arrests were made, with 10 people being given a move-on direction. A GoFundMe was started to fund repair of the damage caused.[78] After that incident, the Victorian Greens issued a statement calling for better protection of protesters from universities and the police.[79] On May 8, counter-protesters attempted to storm the stage where speeches were being given, with the protesters and counter-protesters separated by university security. Not all interactions between opposing groups have been violent; an Israel supporter and a Palestine supporter were photographed shaking hands after discussing the war.[80] On May 8, Monash ordered the removal of "Zionists not welcome" signs, saying they "likely constitute harassment and/or vilification".[81] Police are investigating the harassment of the camp.[82] The encampment was cleared on May 17 after encampment organisers informed the university they would dismantle it.[83] Some protesters claimed it was not a voluntary decision, saying that they had been picked off one by one during the week and banned from the encampment area under threat of suspension or expulsion, with the few remaining protesters telling the university security not to dismantle the camp. Video shows roughly 15 security guards packing up tents and sleeping bags.[84]
University of Adelaide
On May 1, an encampment was started at the University of Adelaide. The University said that it supported free speech and lawful protests, but would not tolerate hate speech or intimidation of students or staff.[85] On May 8, protesters were attacked with fireworks after 11pm, with a video taken by a protester showing fireworks going off around the camp, with the protesters shouting "cowards" as the people responsible for the fireworks were not visible to the camp. Protesters said a similar incident happened on 6 May. South Australia Police said they are investigating the incident, and the university is increasing security.[86]
On May 28, the encampment ended.[87][88]
University of Queensland
Students at the University of Queensland held a rally and set up an encampment on April 29, with a rival pro-Israel camp also set up.[89][90] The pro-Israel protesters have said strangers came into their camp and spat on a sign that said "Zionist and proud".[91] On 9 May, protesters marched to the Boeing center on campus, with protesters including Greens MP Max Chandler-Mather saying Boeing products, including planes, missiles and other weapons were "taking lives". A window in the center was smashed, although police have not made any arrests or received any complaints relating to this incident or any other since the protest has started.[92] Protesters briefly occupied a building on May 16, with police not being called.[93] The university asked protesters to leave, but on May 18 protesters claimed they were unaware of this decision and would not be dispersing regardless.[94] On May 20 the university banned the chant "out, out, Israel out" and the word "intifada".[95]
On 1 June, an agreement was reached. The UQ student union and UQ Muslim Students for Palestine agreed to end the encampment that day, in exchange for disclosing of ties to Israel and increasing humanitarian scholarships for students affected by the war. However, UQ Students for Palestine, another group involved in organizing the encampment, was not a party to the agreement, saying they did not agree with any agreement limiting their rights to protest. However, they welcomed the increase in scholarships and said they would be dismantling the camp, saying "during the uni break there is nothing much to disrupt", vowing to return next semester.[96]
On April 30, Beatrice Tucker, organizer of the encampment, said in an interview with ABC Radio Canberra that “Hamas deserve our unconditional support – not because I agree with their strategy – complete disagreement with that, but the situation at hand is if you have no hope … nothing can justify what has been happening to the Palestinian people for 75 years”. By May 9, disciplinary proceedings had started against Tucker based on the contents of the interview, with her being provisionally suspended until a hearing on May 14.[98] On June 6, Tucker was expelled from ANU, being the first pro-Palestine student protester in Australia to be expelled since the war started on October 7.[99]
After a Zoom meeting on May 8 of the ANU Students' Association, allegations of anti-Semitic gestures, including a Nazi salute and a person putting a finger to below their nose to mimic a Hitler moustache, were put forth after the ANU Union of Jewish Students put forth a motion to address anti-Semitism. The group ANU for Palestine also alleged they were targeted with obscene gestures such as people mouthing the words "fuck you", giving "the middle finger" and making "gagging gestures". ANU has said it is investigating, whilst Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said that there needed to be a "dialling down" of debate, calling for "respect for everyone. Anti-Semitism has no place in Australia. Islamophobia has no place in Australia."[100]
On May 15, ANU requested the disbanding of the encampment, with seven students called into a meeting, faced with disciplinary action if they did not attend. In the meeting, they were again threatened with disciplinary action if they did not vacate by May 17. The students were asked to provide a list of names of other students participating in the encampment. Students that were at the meeting felt as if the meeting was an intimidation tactic reminiscent of McCarthyism.[101][102]
On May 28, the encampment was relocated after ANU threatened to use police to clear it.[103]
Deakin University
An encampment started at Deakin on May 7, and was originally slated to run until May 10, however the encampment ran beyond that date. By May 9, Deakin said it was investigating a staffer that was heard threatening to burn down the camp as well as incidents of hate speech, and police were investigating an altercation at Deakin.[82] Deakin requested the "immediate dismantling and removal of the current encampment" on May 13, however the camp did not disperse on that date and protesters have indicated they will not be dismantling the camp. The police responded neutrally, by saying they were aware of the decision and it was a matter for the university, and that police would respond to "potential breaches of the peace or criminal offences."[104] Deakin students said they would be holding a "closing rally" on May 22, and that more protests would follow next semester.[76]
La Trobe students demanded the university cut ties with Honeywell, which makes engines for the General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper drone, used by the Israeli military. La Trobe ordered students to leave on May 17, citing safety issues as their reason for issuing the order, although no classes were disrupted and there was no indication of vandalism, occupation of buildings or property damage, unlike other encampments in Melbourne. La Trobe commenced disciplinary proceedings on May 20, and on May 21, the encampment ended. [107][108][95]
The University of Wollongong set up an encampment on May 8,[109] with the protesters demanding the university cut ties with local steel manufacturer Bisalloy, which has provided Israeli defense companies with armour-grade steel.[110]
Students at the Sandy Bay campus of University of Tasmania established a solidarity encampment on May 7.[111] As of June 8, the students are still camping out. One of their demands is that the University cut ties with the multinational German corporation Hensoldt, because it supplies radar and other surveillance systems to Israel.[112]
Austria
On May 6, a solidarity encampment was established at the University of Vienna.[113] The following day, protesters began an encampment at the university.[7][clarification needed] On May 8, a pro-Israel counter-protest occurred on campus. The three day old peaceful encampment was dispersed by police on May 9.[114]
Bangladesh
Thousands of people held a protest march at the University of Dhaka on May 6.[115]
Belgium
On May 6, about 100 students occupied a portion of Ghent University. The students said the protest would last until May 8.[116] Protesters also occupied a building at Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB). The university said they would file a police complaint against protesters after a Jewish students union head was assaulted.[117] On May 13, protests then occupied buildings at the Dutch-speaking Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and the Catholic research university KU Leuven.[118]
On May 17, rector Rik Van de Walle announced that it would sever ties with three Israeli research institutions who he said did not pass the "Ghent University human rights test."[119] On May 31, after several weeks with an encampment, UGent announced that it will be severing ties with all Israeli universities and research institutions.[120]
Brazil
On May 7, protesters at the University of São Paulo began occupying a building at the school.[121]
Canada
On April 22, students set up an encampment at the University of Alberta, in Edmonton.[122] A week later, on April 29, an encampment of about 30 tents was set up on the Point Grey campus of the University of British Columbia, in Vancouver.[123] About 100 protesters were present on its first day, calling on the institution to divest from Israel.[124][123]
University of Toronto encampment as of May 20, 2024.University of Toronto encampement on May 26, 2024.
On May 23, students at Simon Fraser University occupied their campus' Belzberg Library to demand divestment from military assets supplied to Israel, coinciding with a Board of Governors meeting. Despite protests and an open letter, the Board did not discuss divestment.[144] On May 30, SFU president Joy Johnson and the Board of Governors agreed to discuss divestment from arms companies after community pressure, protests, and a faculty vote. They committed to reviewing their Responsible Investment Policy with community input.[145]
On June 3, protesters occupied a Concordia University building for around an hour.[146] On June 5, an encampment was set up at York University,[147] which was subsequently cleared by Toronto police on June 6.[148]
On June 7, University of Waterloo agreed to several demands to disclose investments and to base investment decisions on human rights and other social factors.[149]
Approximately 80 tents form the encampment at McGill University, Montreal, May 2, 2024
On April 27, an encampment of around 20 tents was set up on the grounds of McGill University in Montreal, calling on McGill and nearby Concordia University to cut ties with Israel.[151][152] The encampment has since grown to about 100 tents and is occupied by students and faculty from various universities in Montreal.[153][154][155] Both McGill and the premier of Quebec, François Legault, have declared the encampment illegal and called on Montreal police to dismantle it.[156][157] As of yet, they have not complied with the request.[158] They have qualified the protest as peaceful.[159]
Costa Rica
An encampment was set up at the University of Costa Rica on May 1. Organizers said the encampment was built in solidarity with Palestine and student protesters in the United States.[160]
Cuba
On May 3, students at the University of Havana held a rally in support of Palestine and student protesters in the United States.[161]
Denmark
A pro-Palestinian encampment was set up at the University of Copenhagen. On May 28, the University of Copenhagen announced that it would divest from companies that operated in occupied Palestinian territories including AirBnB, Booking.com, and eDreams;[162] and on June 2, the student organizers ended the encampment.[163] The protesters, however, have warned a new encampment may be set up in the future should the university not keep its commitment to divest.[164]
On May 6, a protest encampment was set up at the University of Helsinki.[166][167] On May 15, police detained thirteen protesters at the university after a protest inside the main building.[168] On May 21, the rector announced that it would sever ties with Israeli universities and terminated its student exchange programs.[169][170] On June 1, the encampment outside the Porthania building showed no signs of declining, according to Helsinki Times. The movement in inspired by similar actions in Norway, where five universities cut ties with Israeli institutions.[168]
France
On April 25, students at Sorbonne University in Paris set up an encampment in support of Palestine in the university's main courtyard.[171] Four days later, police removed dozens of students from the courtyard.[172] On May 7, approximately one hundred students occupied an amphitheatre at Sorbonne University until they were removed by police.[7]
Sciences Po
At Sciences Po, in Paris, an encampment of about 60 students was broken up by the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité on April 24.[173] A group of students decided to stay before the police withdrew.[174][175] On April 26, protesters then occupied a campus building and barricaded themselves inside the university.[176][177] On May 7, police dispersed a group of students who had barricaded themselves inside the university’s main hall and made two arrests. According to the university, 13 students are also on hunger strike.[7]
École normale supérieure
On 21 May, students set up an encampment at the École normale supérieure of Paris. Two days later, the school announced closing until the end of the occupation.[178]
Germany
On April 25, students at New York University Berlin held a rally in solidarity with students at New York University.[65][66] On May 3, police removed several protesters from a sit-in at the Humboldt University of Berlin.[179] On May 7, police cleared an encampment that had been set up at the Free University of Berlin,[180] and at Leipzig University, 50 to 60 people occupied a lecture hall by barricading themselves inside.[7]
Greece
Protesters established an encampment at the law school of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Police cleared the encampment and arrested 28 people on May 14.[181] As of May 27, 9 of the 27 protesters from European countries who were arrested are facing deportation.[182]
India
On April 30, students at Jawaharlal Nehru University protested against a planned visit to the campus by US Ambassador to India Eric Garcetti and in solidarity with protestors in the United States. Garcetti's visit was postponed due to the protests.[183][184]
Indonesia
Dozens of Padjadjaran University's students conducted a solidarity action to defend Palestine on 2 May 2024 as a response to the violent act and arrest of students who protested the war in Gaza in the US.[185]
Hundreds of students held a Solidarity Camp Action at University of Indonesia on 3 May 2024. During the action, they condemned Israel's massacre of Palestinians and demanded full independence for Palestine. A camp was erected in solidarity with the Pro-Palestine students protest in the US.[186]
Students at Trinity College Dublin set up an encampment on May 3. The encampment included a blockade of the Library and Book of Kells exhibition, and followed the issuing of a €214,000 fine on Trinity College Dublin Students' Union on May 1 for disruptive protests earlier in the year.[188][189][190] The encampment ended on May 8 after the university agreed to cut ties with Israeli companies.[191]
A rally marking the anniversary of the Nakba was held at Tel Aviv University on May 15. Demonstrators were barred from bringing Palestinian flags, so some brought cut-outs of watermelons.[194]
A pro-Palestinian protest was held at Hebrew University of Jerusalem on May 28. A counter-protest by the Zionist organization Im Tirtzu was held at the same time.[195]
Following an encampment protest at the University of Florence, the university senate voted to support a resolution calling for a ceasefire in Gaza.[199]
On April 29, a sit-in was held at the College of Science of Kuwait University, in Kuwait City. The protest involved faculty and students.[218]
Lebanon
On April 30, over 200 people gathered in a campus square at the American University of Beirut, with permission from the administration to protest for two hours. Demonstrations were also held at the Lebanese American University and other universities.[219]
On May 7, protests took place at Utrecht University and the Delft University of Technology on May 7.[7] An encampment was attempted at the academic library of Utrecht, where 50 people were arrested in the night between May 7 and May 8.[223][224] On May 8, a new encampment at Utrecht University was set up, which was cleared during the early morning of 9 May,[225] but without any arrests being made.[226]
On May 6, hundreds of students started a solidarity encampment at the University of Amsterdam (UvA).[116] The next day, police cleared the encampment, arresting 169 people,[167][231] including a member of the Provincial Council of Gelderland.[232] Over a thousand people protested at a pro-Palestine demonstration in Amsterdam in response.[233] On May 8, new protests emerged in Amsterdam, starting in and around university buildings and later moving to the Rokin. 36 people were arrested by the end of the night.[225][234] The following day, another protest was organised which again started at the Roeterseiland university campus of University of Amsterdam. Thousands of protestors went on to march through the city.[235] Three protestors were arrested by the police.[236] The UvA decided to close various campus buildings for the rest of the week.[237]
The pro-Palestinian campus occupations at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands were a series of occupation protests, as part of the broader protests against the Israel–Hamas war. On 13 May 2024 protesters created an encampment, similar to other campus protests in the Netherlands, the United States and other countries.[238][239] On 20 May a second encampment was established next to the universities' administrative building.[240] On 5 June after the occupation of another university building, police cleared the encampment.[241] The protesters demanded that the university board divest from Israel over its alleged genocide of Palestinians and invasion of the Gaza Strip, and to support Palestinian students and universities.[238][239] The protests included walkouts,[239] daily marches,[242] temporary occupations,[239][243] as well as vandalism.[241]
New Zealand
On May 1, pro-Palestinian protesters led by staged a protest outside the University of Auckland. Though the protesters had initially planned to camp overnight, organiser Layan Khalil, co-president of the University of Auckland's Students for Justice in Palestine chapter, called off the encampment after the Vice-Chancellor sent an email stating the university would allow protests and rallies but not overnight encampments. Police and university security monitored the protest.[244]
On 21 May, 60 students and non-student protesters camped on the University of Canterbury's premises to demand that the university divest from Israel and disclose its investment portfolio. Police and university authorities monitored the protest.[245]
On 23 May, students and staff protested in solidarity with Palestine at several New Zealand universities including the University of Canterbury, University of Auckland, University of Waikato, Victoria University of Wellington, University of Otago and Massey University. Protest spokesperson Sara Youssef called on NZ universities to disclose and cut ties with Israeli-affiliated institutions, and publicly denounce Islamophobia, antisemitism, and the alleged "genocide" in Gaza.[246]
Panama
On May 30, protesters at the University of Panama booed Israeli Ambassador Itai Bardov during a scheduled visit to the university.[247]
Poland
A protest was held at the University of Warsaw on May 17.[248] An encampment was formed on May 24, which was cleared on June 12.[249]
On May 6, students set up an encampment inside the Faculty of Psychology of the University of Lisbon; demanding an "immediate and unconditional" ceasefire to end the genocide in Gaza, the total severance of relations with Israel and the end of fossil fuels.[252] The protest did not affect classes.[253] On the night of May 9, eight students were arrested by the Polícia de Segurança Pública.[254]
On April 29, more than 60 students and faculty members of the University of Valencia set up an encampment inside a faculty building. This was done with the knowledge of the faculty's dean, although she denies giving consent. Protesters called on their institution to cut ties with Israeli universities, and stated their intention to eventually move the encampment outside.[262]
Following nine days of an encampment, the University of Granada agreed to break ties with Israeli universities.[266]
Sweden
Protests were held at the Stockholm University where protesters set up tents and calls for the end of the Israeli occupation. Greta Thunberg participated.[267]
On May 15, an encampment was set up at Umeå University.[269]
On May 29, a protest organized around a visit by Deputy Prime Minister Ebba Busch took place at KTH. Twenty students were arrested. [270] On the same day, an encampment at Lund University, which had been going for 16 days, was dismantled by the police. Protesters alleged police brutality. Around 40 people were arrested.[271][272]
On May 12, pro-Palestine protesters occupied a building at the University of Bern. Police cleared the building three days later.[274]
Tunisia
On April 30, students at the Institute of Press and Information Sciences [fr] (of Manouba University) held a sit-in rally.[275]
Turkey
Protests were held at Gazi University on May 3. A fight broke out between pro-Palestinian protesters and Turkish nationalists during the protest.[276][277]
United Kingdom
As of February and March, similar protests and calls for divestment had already been occurring at Goldsmiths, University of London,[278][279] the University of Leeds,[280][281] and the University of Bristol.[282][283] On April 22, students from the University of Leicester Palestine Society held a protest.[70] On April 26, a rally was held by students of University College London (UCL) on campus,[284] though they had been campaigning for months. UCL Action for Palestine won a meeting with senior members of university's management, also on 26 April, to discuss divestment and propose aiding Palestinian students whose universities had been destroyed.[285] After a campaign from students, the University of York announced on 27 April it "no longer holds investments in companies that primarily make or sell weapons and defence-related products or services".[286][287]
In the early morning of April 26, students from the University of Warwick occupied the campus piazza;[288][284] the encampment later moved to outside Warwick's Senate House before disbanding voluntarily on June 26.[289] On May 1, encampments were established at the University of Bristol, the University of Leeds (closed by June 19 under threat of legal action),[290] the University of Manchester (closed June 17),[291] and Newcastle University,[292][293] as well as a joint one between the University of Sheffield and Sheffield Hallam University.[294][287][295] On May 3, protesters set up an encampment at University College, London. Protesters also occupied the library at Goldsmiths, University of London.[296] Goldsmiths agreed to the protester's demands, naming a building after Palestinian journalist Shireen Abu Akleh, review the University's policy regarding the IHRA working definition of antisemitism, and to erect an installation on campus memorializing the protest.[297]
Edinburgh University student Gaza protest, Old College Quad encampment, May 2024.
In Scotland, encampments were also established at Aberdeen University and the University of Edinburgh.[301][299] On May 7, protesters at Queen's University Belfast staged a sit-in in support of Palestine. Among other demands, protesters called for Hillary Clinton to be removed as the university's chancellor.[302][303] On May 8, Abercromby Square at the University of Liverpool was occupied and unofficially renamed after the murdered Gazan poet Refaat Alareer.[304] An encampment was set up at Bangor University on the same day.[305] On May 9, protesters set up encampments at Lancaster University[306] and at the Green Heart at the University of Birmingham, with a second encampment at Birmingham being established shortly afterwards at the Chancellor's Court (closed following a court order on 14 June).[307][308][309] On May 10, encampments were set up at Durham University[310] (voluntarily disbanded June 21)[311] and the University of Nottingham.[312]
On May 13, protesters set up an encampment at the University of Sussex's Library Square,[313] and students held a rally followed by the establishment of an encampment at Queen Mary University of London.[314] The next day, hundreds of pro-Palestinian protesters began occupying Marshall Hall at London School of Economics. The organizers came to an agreement with the security team that students with ID would be allowed access to the building. About 50 demonstrators remained, stating that they intended to occupy the building until their demands were met.[315] Following a court order on June 14, they were evicted from the building on June 17.[316] Also on May 14, encampments were also set up at Cardiff University,[317]University of Lincoln,[318] and students from the University of Exeter set up the "Exeter Liberation Encampment for Palestine" on the Streatham campus.[319][320] The latter follows the setting up of the "FalExe Solidarity Encampent" jointly by students of Exeter and Falmouth University on the Penryn Campus.[321] On May 15, an encampment was set up in front of Heslington Hall at the University of York.[322]
On May 20, an encampment was set up at the University of Reading.[323] On May 23, sixteen protesters were arrested at Cambridge University for aggravated trespass, as well as one arrest on suspicion of common assault, after an occupation of the universities' office buildings. The university accused protesters of "threatening and violent actions".[324] On May 27, protesters at Aberystwyth University began a weeklong sit-in at the university's library,[325] and in the evening, protesters at the University of Manchester barricaded themselves inside Whitworth Hall, disrupting exams that were due to take place in the building.[326][327] An encampment was also set up at Imperial College London[328] (voluntarily disbanded June 20).[329]
The pro-Palestinian campus occupations at the University of Oxford[b] are ongoing occupation protests in Oxford, England, organised by Oxford Action for Palestine (OA4P).[330] The occupations started on 6 May 2024 on the Museum of Natural History's lawn, in front of the Pitt Rivers Museum.[332] Escalating the protests, a second encampment was established on 19 May outside the Radcliffe Camera.[333] Protests have taken elsewhere in the city, including on Wellington Square, where 17 students were arrested after occupying the Vice-Chancellor's office on 23 May.[334] Protesters demands include disclosure of investments and divestment from Israeli companies, among others.[332][335] The university refused to negotiate with protesters until responding to an email to arrange discussion on 5 June.[336][337] The protests have been supported by over 500 members of staff,[338] and criticised by the university as intimidating.[339]
United States
Universities in the United States with Israel–Hamas war protests in April 2024. Columbia University is marked in red. Other colleges that had encampments are marked in green, and non-encampment protests are marked in blue.
In the city of Dhamar, students and faculty members of the Thamar University organized a protest in solidarity with their European and American counterparts while also showing their opposition to Israel.[356]
^Also known as the Oxford Liberated Zone[330] or Oxford Gaza Solidarity Encampment[331]
^As defined by CNN map of "Campus protests where arrests have been made since April 18", highlighting schools with 45 or more total arrests.[352]
References
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^Devinder Bains (June 4, 2024). ""We're In It For The Long Haul": 4 British Students On Why They're Joining Campus Protests Across The UK". Vogue.
^"Pro-Palestinian protesters set up encampments at universities in Australia". AP News. May 3, 2024. Archived from the original on May 12, 2024. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
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External links
Media related to 2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses at Wikimedia Commons