Yuzuru Hanyu is a Japanese figure skater and ice show producer who competed in the men's singles discipline from 2004 to 2022 and turned professional on July19, 2022. At junior and senior level (2008–2022), he won a total of 59medals in 72competitions, among them 37golds. He is the first male single skater in 66years since American Dick Button to win back-to-back Olympic titles (2014, 2018), and also the youngest and first Olympic champion from Asia in that discipline. He is a two-time World champion (2014, 2017), a six-time Japanese national champion (2012–2015, 2020–2021), and the first single skater to win four consecutive Grand Prix Finals (2014–2017). With his win at the 2020Four Continents Championships, he became the first male single skater to complete the Super Slam, having won all major international junior and senior titles in the course of his career. He is also the only male single skater besides German Jan Hoffmann to win seven world championship medals in the post-war era since 1946.
Hanyu broke world records 19times, the most in singles since the introduction of the ISU Judging System in 2003. He was the first skater to score over 100points in the short program, 200 in the free skating, and 300 in the combined total score, and holds the historical world record in all three competition segments in men's singles.[note 1] He was awarded a total of 30perfect scores for technical elements and program components, 10 of them for his signature triple Axel jump, and was the first skater to land a quadrupleloop jump in international competition. As a professional, Hanyu became the first skater to produce and present a solo ice show (Prologue 2022) and a solo ice show tour (Repray Tour 2023–24). His second solo show Gift (2023) set a new audience record for ice shows with 35,000 spectators at Tokyo Dome.
In recognition of his achievements, Hanyu has received numerous awards and accolades, including the People's Honor Award (2018), bestowed by the Prime Minister of Japan, Japan's Medal of Honor with purple ribbon (2014, 2018), and the Kikuchi Kan Prize (2022). He was the first figure skater to be nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award, selected in the category Comeback of the Year (2019), and was named the Most Valuable Skater at the inaugural ISU Skating Awards (2020). He was also featured in prestigious lists, such as Forbes' 30Under30 Asia (2018), and made it to ESPN's top10 selection of the greatest Olympians of the 21st century in 2024.
World record scores
Yuzuru Hanyu has scored 19 world records in international competition, the most among single skaters since the introduction of the ISU Judging System in 2003.[2] He set new highest scores seven times in the +5/-5Grade of Execution System,[note 1] three in the short program, two in the free skating, and another two in the combined total score. At the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki, he scored records in all three competition segments at one event.[3] Before the 2018–19 season, he set twelve highest historical scores, seven in the short program, three in the free skating, and two in the combined total score, holding the historical records in all three competition segments. At the 2015 NHK Trophy and the 2015–16 Grand Prix Final, he set new highest scores in all segments at back-to-back events.[4]
First skater to debut four types of quadruple jumps successfully at first attempt with a positive grade of execution (GOE) in international competition (toe loop in 2010, Salchow in 2012, loop in 2016, and Lutz in 2017)
In the course of his junior and senior career from 2008 to 2022, Hanyu has medalled 59 times in 72 events, winning 37 golds. In 25 Super Slam events, he won 11 golds and finished on the podium 21 times overall. He also medalled at seven different senior Grand Prix events (the Final not included),[note 3] and won gold at four of them.[121][122]
The list includes medals and participations in senior and junior events.
Medals at team events are included only by team result, not individual result.
Events at novice level, withdrawals, and cancelled events are not included in the list.
Medal record at major international senior and junior events[121]
Hanyu medalled in all 14 figure skating seasons of his junior and senior career and won at least one gold in each season with exception of his senior debut in 2010–11. His most successful season by medals was the 2013–14 season, having won his first Winter Olympics, World Championships, Grand Prix Final, and seven medals in total. He also medalled seven times in the 2016–17 season, including his second World and fourth Grand Prix Final title.[121][122]
The list includes medals and participations at international events and national championships.
Medals at team events are included only by team result, not individual result.
Withdrawals and cancelled events are not included in the list.
By the end of his competitive career on July19, 2022, Hanyu was the record holder for the program component score (PCS) in the men's short program and set all historical records in the +3/-3GOE System except the technical element score (TES) in the free skating, which was scored by Nathan Chen in 2018. Hanyu achieved three of the seven historical records at the 2015–16 Grand Prix Final, namely the combined total score and the program component scores in both competition segments.[123]
Only records at main international senior events are listed, namely the Winter Olympics (individual event), World Championships, Four Continents, and the Grand Prix Final.[note 4] By the end of his competitive career, Hanyu held the event record score for the men's short program and combined total at the Four Continents Championships.[124] He also set nine of the twelve historical records at main international events, among them the records in all three competition segments at the World Championships and the Grand Prix Final.[5] Hanyu's Olympic programs Ballade No.1 and Seimei contributed to eight of the eleven event records in men's singles.[8]
SP – Short program, FS – Free skating
Historical record scores achieved in the +3/-3GOE System highlighted in bold and italic
The list considers records and results by other skaters until the end of Hanyu's competitive career on July19, 2022.
Highest scores in the different competition segments by event[124]
In figure skating, a technical element is awarded a perfect score if it is credited with the full base value by the technical panel and the maximum grade of execution after dropping the highest and lowest mark across the judging panel (+3marks before and +5marks since the 2018–19 season).[26] In the +5/-5GOE System, Hanyu received one perfect score for a technical element in international competition,[27] namely his triple Axel jump in the short program at the 2019 Skate Canada International.[125][126] Before the system change, he was awarded a total of 28 maximum scores, covering all types of required technical elements in the senior men's singles discipline: three types of solo jumps, two different jump combinations, a spin, the step sequence, and the choreographic sequence.[26][127]
Seven of the 29 technical elements received unanimous +3marks from all judges on the panel: four triple Axels, a quadruple Salchow, a choreographic sequence, and his step sequence in the short program at the 2016 World Championships.[127] However, that element did not earn a maximum score because it was not credited with the full base value.[128] Hanyu's solo triple Axel jump received a perfect score ten times, the most among all elements. The Axels were all executed in the short program, six of them in the second half.[27][127]
SP – Short program, FS – Free skating
x – 10% bonus for the base value of a jump executed in the second half of the program
Unanimous +3marks from the judging panel highlighted in bold
Technical elements with a maximum score in the +5/-5GOE System[127]
Hanyu's most successful season by maximum scores was the 2015–16 season. He was awarded a perfect score for twelve technical elements and maximum grades of execution for another three step sequences that were not credited with the full base value due to level downgrades. Before the 2014–15 season, Hanyu did not receive any maximum scores for single technical elements in international competition.[127]
Number of awarded maximum scores for technical elements by season[127]
A program component is awarded a maximum score if it receives marks of 10.00 from all judges after dropping the highest and lowest mark across the panel. The five components until the 2022–23 season were skating skills (SS), transitions (TR), performance (PE), composition (CO), and interpretation (IN). At the 2015–16 Grand Prix Final, Hanyu was awarded a perfect 10.00 in his short program for the performance component.[129]
Program components with a maximum score[129]
No.
Component
Score
10s
Seg.
Event
1
Performance
10.00
8/9
SP
2015–16 Grand Prix Final
National record scores
National record scores by segment
A Japanese national record score is the highest score achieved by a Japanese skater in a competition segment at an international event sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU). Highest scores achieved at domestic skating events like the Japan Championships do not count for national records, but they are recorded by the Japan Skating Federation and reported various news outlets.[130][131]
By the end of his competitive career, Hanyu held the current and historical Japanese national record scores in all three segments of the senior men's singles discipline. Two of them were achieved at the 2019 Skate Canada International, namely the national records for the free skating and combined total score in the +5/-5GOE System.[132][133] By the end of his career, Hanyu also held all six event records at the Japan Championships,[134] of which five were scored at Saitama Super Arena in Saitama.[130][135]
SP – Short program, FS – Free skating
Historical record scores highlighted in bold and italic
The list considers records and results by other skaters until the end of Hanyu's competitive career on July19, 2022.
Japanese national record scores by competition segment[132][133]
Hanyu received a total of 11 maximum scores for technical elements at the Japan Championships. In the +5/-5GOE System, he earned perfect scores for a spin, two step sequences, and a choreographic sequence.[136] In addition, he received a perfect score of 10.00 in the interpretation component for his short program at the 2021–22 Japan Championships.[137] In the +3/-3GOE System, he was rewarded seven maximum scores for six solo jumps and a jump combination.[136]
x – 10% bonus for the base value of a jump executed in the second half of the program
Unanimous +5 or +3 marks from the judging panel highlighted in bold
Technical elements with a maximum score at the Japan Championships in the +5/-5GOE System[136]
Program components with a maximum score at the Japan Championships[137]
No.
Component
Score
10s
Seg.
Edition
Place
1
Interpretation
10.00
8/9
SP
2021–22
Saitama
Absolute best scores
Absolute best scores are officially recorded by the International Skating Union and, compared to personal bests, they consider multiple scores by one skater in each competition segment.[5][124] In the men's singles discipline, the crucial scores to surpass are 100points in the short program, 200 in the free skating, and 300 in the combined total score. Hanyu was the first skater to surpass all three in international competition.[12] By the end of his competitive career in 2022, only five other skaters have scored above 300points in total, namely Javier Fernández, Nathan Chen, Jin Boyang, Shoma Uno, and Yuma Kagiyama.[5]
Hanyu scored ten times above 300points in the combined total and was the first skater to surpass 310, 320, and 330points in international competition. In the short program, he scored fifteen times above 100points and was the first to surpass 110points, being the only one to do so in the +3/-3GOE System.[5][124] His short program Ballade No.1 was awarded more than 110points five times, the most times among all short programs.[8] In the free skating, Hanyu scored eight times above 200points and was the first to surpass 210 and 220points.[5][124] His free skate program Seimei was the first to be awarded more than 200points, surpassing that score trice.[8]
Combined total scores above 300 points in the +5/-5GOE System[124]
^The Axel jump is a required element in the senior men's short program. Only one attempt of a triple Axel is permitted in that competition segment.[26]
^During Hanyu's senior career between 2010 and 2022, the ISU Grand Prix Series only consisted of six recurring international Grand Prix events in Canada, China, France, Japan, Russia, and the United States. In 2018, the Cup of China was replaced by the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki, which Hanyu won.[121]
^The European Championships are excluded, since Hanyu is not eligible for that event.
Citations
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^『第12回 好きなスポーツ選手ランキング』男女別TOP10を発表 ["12th Favorite Athletes Ranking" Announced Top 10 by Men and Women!]. Oricon (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. October 14, 2019. Archived from the original on April 25, 2021.
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^第14回 好きなスポーツ選手ランキング [14th Favorite Athletes Ranking]. Oricon (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. October 15, 2021. Archived from the original on October 15, 2021.
^Matsui, Kazuaki (December 24, 2014). 第33回 Number MVP賞 羽生結弦 [33rd Number MVP Award Yuzuru Hanyu]. Number (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo: Bungeishunjū. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021.
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^東北スポーツ大賞に羽生結弦選手 運動記者会が選出 [Yuzuru Hanyu Selected for Tohoku Sports Awards by the Sports Press Association]. Chunichi Shimbun. Nagoya. May 1, 2016. Archived from the original on May 1, 2016.
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^羽生に大賞 東北運動記者会が表彰 [Grand Prize for Hanyu awarded by Tohoku Sports Press Association]. Sankei Sports (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. May 21, 2018. Archived from the original on May 27, 2018.
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^羽生結弦、内村航平がテレビ朝日ビッグスポーツ賞を受賞 [Yuzuru Hanyu and Kohei Uchimura win TV Asahi Big Sports Awards]. Sportiva (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo: Shueisha. January 19, 2015. Archived from the original on December 11, 2015.
^羽生結弦「ビッグスポーツ賞」を受賞 大谷翔平と並び「自分てこんなに小さかったんだ...」 [Yuzuru Hanyu receives Big Sports Award along with Shohei Ohtani "I didn't know I was so small ..."]. Kyodo News (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. January 15, 2016. Archived from the original on August 16, 2017.
^羽生結弦 テレ朝ビッグスポーツ賞の追加受賞者に選出 [Yuzuru Hanyu Selected as Additional Recipient of the Teleserye Big Sports Award]. Sports Nippon (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. December 13, 2016. Archived from the original on August 16, 2017.
^第52回テレビ朝日ビッグスポーツ賞 受賞者 [The 52nd TV Asahi Big Sports Awards Winners] (PDF). TV Asahi (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 1, 2017.
^「第53回テレビ朝日ビッグスポーツ賞」受賞者が発表 羽生結弦、大坂なおみ、福原愛ら [Winners of the 53rd TV Asahi Big Sports Awards announced Yuzuru Hanyu, Naomi Osaka and Ai Fukuhara]. AbemaTV (in Japanese). Shibuya, Tokyo. November 18, 2018. Archived from the original on December 14, 2021.
^羽生結弦、今年の目標は「限界の5歩先へ!...テレビ朝日ビッグスポーツ賞でビデオメッセージ [Yuzuru Hanyu's goal for this year: "Five steps ahead of the limit! ... Video message at TV Asahi Big Sports Awards]. Sports Hochi (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. January 10, 2020. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020.
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^『Yahoo!検索大賞2022』羽生結弦が大賞&アスリート部門W受賞"各部門受賞者一覧あり" ["Yahoo! Search Awards 2022" Yuzuru Hanyu won the Grand Prize & Athlete Category W [List of winners in each category]]. Oricon (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo. December 5, 2022. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022.
^日本スポーツ賞に羽生選手...錦織選手には奨励賞 [Hanyu wins Japan Sports Award ... Encouragement Award for Nishikori]. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. December 12, 2014. Archived from the original on December 24, 2014.
^日本スポーツ賞に羽生結弦、奨励賞に大坂なおみ [Yuzuru Hanyu for Japan Sports Award, Naomi Osaka for Encouragement Award]. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. December 14, 2018. Archived from the original on December 14, 2018.
^名誉県民・県民栄誉賞 [Honorary Prefectural Citizens and Prefectural Citizens' Honor Awards]. Miyagi Prefecture (in Japanese). Sendai. Archived from the original on October 11, 2015.
^羽生結弦、出発式で「ありがとうと言える場作ってくださりありがとう」 [Yuzuru Hanyu at the parade: "Thank you for creating a place where I can say thank you"]. Sports Nippon (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. April 22, 2018. Archived from the original on September 4, 2020.
^宮城県議会議長特別表彰 [Special Commendation by the chairman of the Miyagi Prefectural Assembly]. Miyagi Prefecture (in Japanese). Sendai. Archived from the original on January 26, 2016.
^羽生結弦選手に「仙台市議会議長特別表彰」を行います [Special Commendation from the chairman of the Sendai City Council to Yuzuru Hanyu] (PDF). Sendai City Assembly (in Japanese). Sendai. April 17, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 23, 2021.
^市政だより2014年4月号 [Municipal News, April 2014]. Sendai City (in Japanese). Sendai. 2014. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015.
^羽生結弦選手に「賛辞の楯」の贈呈および特別表彰を行います [Yuzuru Hanyu presented with a "plaque of praise" and a special award]. Sendai City (in Japanese). Sendai. April 17, 2018. Archived from the original on April 23, 2018.
^羽生結弦選手に「賛辞の楯」の贈呈および特別表彰を行いました [Presentation of a "Plaque of Praise" and special commendation to Yuzuru Hanyu]. Sendai City (in Japanese). Sendai. April 27, 2018. Archived from the original on April 28, 2018.
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^つながる金メダリストの系譜。荒川静香と羽生結弦が語る「五輪の記憶」 [Genealogy of connected gold medalists – Shizuka Arakawa and Yuzuru Hanyu talk about their memories of the Olympics]. Sportiva (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo: Shueisha. April 19, 2017. Archived from the original on May 19, 2017.
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^ ab平昌2018冬季大会メダリストへの賞の贈呈について [Presentation of Awards to PyeongChang 2018 Winter Games Medalists]. Tokyo Metropolitan Government (in Japanese). Shinjuku, Tokyo. May 10, 2018. Archived from the original on May 16, 2018.
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^ abKurasawa, Hitoshi (December 24, 2021). 羽生結弦「もうやめよう」の暗闇から復活の序奏 [Yuzuru Hanyu: Prelude to resurrection from the darkness of "I'm Quitting"]. Mainichi Shimbun (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo. Archived from the original on December 24, 2021.
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Books and magazines cited
Hanyu, Yuzuru (March 1, 2018). 夢を生きる [Live your dream] (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo: Chuokoron-Shinsha. ISBN 978-4120050497.
Russell, Susan D. (September 6, 2022). "Yuzuru Hanyu – An icon leaves the competitive stage". International Figure Skating. Denville Township, New Jersey. pp. 22–33. IFSISS22-05.