Elliot's pheasant

Elliot's pheasant
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Galliformes
Family:	Phasianidae
Genus:	Syrmaticus
Species:	S. ellioti
Binomial name
Syrmaticus ellioti (R. Swinhoe, 1872)
Synonyms [3]
Phasianus ellioti R. Swinhoe, 1872 Calophasis ellioti (R. Swinhoe, 1872)

Elliot's pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti) is a large pheasant native to south-eastern China.

Description

Males are up to 80 cm (31 in) long; they are brown and white with a black throat, chestnut-brown upper parts, white belly, nape and wing bars, red bare facial skin and long rusty-barred whitish tail. Females are smaller, at 50 cm (20 in) long; they are rufous brown with a blackish throat, whitish belly and less barred tail.^[4]

Distribution

Elliot's pheasant is endemic to south-eastern China (Guizhou, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces), where it lives in evergreen and mountain forests at altitudes of 200–1,900 m (660–6,230 ft).^[1] Its diet consists mainly of seeds, leaves and berries.^[5]

Behaviour and ecology

Breeding

Members of this breed are solitary animals, with the males especially being territorial. The courtship ritual involves males offering food and displaying. The average clutch size is between six and eight eggs. Eggs take a little under four weeks to hatch, while juvenile birds take approximately four months to mature.^[6]

Food and feeding

Wild pheasants forage for seeds, berries, leaves, and other similar plant matter. They have also been known to eat ants. ^[7]

Taxonomy

Elliot's pheasant was first described in 1872 by Robert Swinhoe, under the name "Phasianus ellioti"; the type material was from Ningbo, Zhejiang province, China.^[3][8] The specific epithet ellioti commemorates the American ornithologist Daniel Giraud Elliot;^[9][10] Swinhoe explained his choice thus:

"Possessed of so many striking characteristics, it would be easy to find an appropriate name for so marked a species; but on glancing down the list of Pheasants I find that not one bears the name of Elliot; and it strikes me it would be wrong to allow his magnificent work on the subject to close without the figure of a bird dedicated to himself"^[8] Alternative common names for the species include Chinese bar-backed pheasant^[5] and Chinese barred-backed pheasant.^[1]

Conservation

Although there is ongoing habitat loss, and the species has a limited range and is hunted for food, Elliot's pheasant is evaluated as near threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, as it does not appear to be declining appreciably in numbers.^[1] It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.^[1]

See also

• List of endangered and protected species of China

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Syrmaticus ellioti.

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} BirdLife International (2016). "Syrmaticus ellioti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679325A92810598. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679325A92810598.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
3. ^ ^{a b} "Elliot's Pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti)". Pheasants and Partridges (Phasianidae). The Internet Bird Collection. Retrieved May 9, 2012.
4. ^ "Elliot's Pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti". Species Factsheet. BirdLife International. Retrieved May 9, 2012.
5. ^ ^{a b} "Elliot's pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti)". ARKive. Archived from the original on 2012-04-29. Retrieved May 9, 2012.
6. ^ Johnsgard 1999, p. 263.
7. ^ Johnsgard 1999, p. 262.
8. ^ ^{a b} R. Swinhoe (1872). "Descriptions of two new Pheasants and a new Garrulax from Ningpo, China". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 40 (1): 550–554. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1872.tb07924.x.
9. ^ Bo Beolens; Michael Watkins & Michael Grayson (2009). "Elliot, D.". The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 124. ISBN 9780801893049.
10. ^ James A. Jobling (2009). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. A&C Black. p. 145. ISBN 9781408125014.