Comparative officer ranks of World War II
The following table shows comparative officer ranks of World War II, with the ranks of Allied powers, the major Axis powers and various other countries and co-belligerents during World War II.
Table
The rank insignia of commissioned officers.
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
British Army[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Field marshal | General | Lieutenant-general | Major-general | Brigadier[a] | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Major | Captain | Lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Officer cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Air Force[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marshal of the RAF | Air chief marshal | Air marshal | Air vice-marshal | Air commodore | Group captain | Wing commander | Squadron leader | Flight lieutenant | Flying officer | Pilot officer/ Acting pilot officer | Officer cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Navy[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Admiral of the Fleet | Admiral | Vice admiral | Rear admiral | Commodore[a] | Captain | Commander | Lieutenant commander | Lieutenant | Sub lieutenant | Midshipman | Officer cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Belgian Army & Military Aviation[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Luitenant-generaal | Generaal-majoor | Kolonel | Luitenant-kolonel | Majoor | Kapitein-commandant | Kapitein | Luitenant | Onderluitenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Belgian Naval Corps[5] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kolonel | Luitenant-kolonel | Majoor | Kapitein-commandant | Kapitein | Luitenant | Onderluitenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Bulgarian Army & Air Force[6][7] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Генерал-полковник General-pukovnik | Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant | Генерал-майор General-mayor | Полковник Polkovnik | Подполковник Podpolkovnik | Майор Mayor | Капитан Kapitan | Старши лейтенант Starshi leytenant | Лейтенант Leytenant | Офицерски кандидатъ Ofitserski kandidat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Bulgarian Navy[8] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Адмирал Admiral | Вицеадмирал Vitseadmiral | Контраадмирал Kontraadmiral | Капитан I ранг Kapitan I rang | Капитан II ранг Kapitan II rang | Капитан III ранг Kapitan III rang | Лейтенант Leytenant | Мичман I ранг Michman I rang | Мичман II ранг Michman II rang | Офицерски кандидатъ Ofitserski kandidat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Republic of China National Army[9][10] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
特級上將 Teji shangjiang | 一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng | 二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng | 中將 Zhōngjiàng | 少將 Shàojiàng | 上校 Shàngxiào | 中校 Zhōngxiào | 少校 Shàoxiào | 上尉 Shàngwèi | 中尉 Zhōngwèi | 少尉 Shàowèi | 准尉 Zhunwei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Republic of China Air Force[9][11] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
中將 Zhōngjiàng | 少將 Shàojiàng | 上校 Shàngxiào | 中校 Zhōngxiào | 少校 Shàoxiào | 上尉 Shàngwèi | 中尉 Zhōngwèi | 少尉 Shàowèi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Republic of China Navy[12][13] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng | 二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng | 中將 Zhōngjiàng | 少將 Shàojiàng | 代將 Dàijiàng | 上校 Shàngxiào | 中校 Zhōngxiào | 少校 Shàoxiào | 上尉 Shàngwèi | 中尉 Zhōngwèi | 少尉 Shàowèi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czechoslovak Army[14] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Armádní generál | Divisní generál | Brigádní generál | Plukovník | Podplukovník | Major | Štábní kapitán | Kapitán | Nadporučík | Poručík | Podporučík | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Danish Army[15] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General | Generalløjtnant | Generalmajor | Oberst | Oberstløjtnant | Kaptajn | Kaptajnløjtnant | Premierløjtnant | Løjtnant | Sekondløjtnant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Danish Navy[15] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Admiral | Viceadmiral | Kontreadmiral | Kommandør | Kommandørkaptajn | Orlogskaptajn | Kaptajnløjtnant | Søløjtnant I | Løjtnant | Søløjtnant II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish Army & Air Force[16] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sotamarsalkka Fältmarskalk | Kenraali General | Kenraaliluutnantti Generallöjtnant | Kenraalimajuri Generalmajor | Eversti Överste | Everstiluutnantti Överstelöjtnant | Majuri Major | Kapteeni Kapten | Luutnantti Löjtnant | Vänrikki Fänrik | Upseerikokelas Officersaspirant | Upseerioppilas Officerselev | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish Navy[16] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amiraali Amiral | Vara-amiraali Viceamiral | Kontra-amiraali Konteramiral | Kommodori Kommodor | Komentaja Kommendör | Komentajakapteeni Kommendörkapten | Kapteeniluutnantti Kaptenlöjtnant | Luutnantti Löjtnant | Aliluutnantti Underlöjtnant | Upseerikokelas | Upseerioppilas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French Army[17] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maréchal de France | Général d'armée | Général de corps d'armée | Général de division | Général de brigade | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous-lieutenant | Aspirant | Élève-officier | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
French Air Force[17] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Général d'armée aérienne | Général de corps aérien | Général de division aérienne | Général de brigade aérienne | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous-lieutenant | Aspirant | Élève-pilote | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
French Navy[18] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amiral de France | Amiral de la Flotte[19] | Amiral | Vice-amiral d'escadre | Vice-amiral | Contre-amiral | Capitaine de vaisseau | Capitaine de frégate | Capitaine de corvette | Lieutenant de vaisseau | Enseigne de vaisseau de 1re classe | Enseigne de vaisseau de 2e classe | Aspirant | Élève-officier | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German Army & Luftwaffe[20] | Reichsmarschall | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generalfeldmarschall | Generaloberst | General der Waffengattung | Generalleutnant | Generalmajor | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Hauptmann | Oberleutnant | Leutnant | Fhj-StFw | Fhj-OFw | Fhj-Fw | Fhj-UFw | Fhj-Uffz | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kriegsmarine[21] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Großadmiral | Generaladmiral | Admiral | Vizeadmiral | Konteradmiral | Kommodore | Kapitän zur See | Fregattenkapitän | Korvettenkapitän | Kapitänleutnant | Oberleutnant zur See | Leutnant zur See | Oberfähnrich zur See | Fähnrich zur See | Seekadett | Offiziersanwärter | |||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hellenic Army[22] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Στρατάρχης Stratarches | Στρατηγός Stratigos | Αντιστράτηγος Antistratigos | Υποστράτηγος Ypostratigos | Συνταγματάρχης Syntagmatarchis | Αντισυνταγματάρχης Antisyntagmatarchis | Ταγματάρχης Tagmatarchis | Λοχαγός Lochagos | Υπολοχαγός Ypolochagos | Ανθυπολοχαγός Anthypolochagos | Δόκιμος Έφεδρος Αξιωματικός Dokimos efedros aksiomatikos | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Hellenic Air Force[23] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Αἰθεράρχης Aitherárchis | Πτέραρχος Ptérarchos | Ἀντιπτέραρχος Antiptérarchos | Ὑποπτέραρχος Ypoptérarchos | Σμήναρχος Smínarchos | Ἀντισμήναρχος Antismínarchos | Ἐπισμηναγός Episminagós | Σμηναγός Sminagós | Ὑποσμηναγός Yposminagós | Ἀνθυποσμηναγός Anthyposminagós | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Hellenic Navy[23] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Στολάρχης Stolarchis | Ναύαρχος Navarchos | Αντιναύαρχος Antinavarchos | Υποναύαρχος Yponavarchos | Πλοίαρχος Ploiarchos | Αντιπλοίαρχος Antiploiarchos | Πλωτάρχης Plotarchis | Υποπλοίαρχος Ypoploiarchos | Ανθυποπλοίαρχος Anthypoploiarchos | Σημαιοφόρος Simaioforos | Σημαιοφόρος Επίκουρος Αξιωματικός Simaioforos epikouros axiomatikos | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Hungarian Army[24][25] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tábornagy | Vezérezredes | Altábornagy | Vezérőrnagy | Ezredes | Alezredes | Őrnagy | Százados | Főhadnagy | Hadnagy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Hungarian Air Force[26] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Altábornagy | Vezérőrnagy | Ezredes | Alezredes | Őrnagy | Százados | Főhadnagy | Hadnagy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Hungarian River Guard[25] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vezérfökapitány | Vezérkapitány | Fötörzskapitány | Törzskapitány | Törzsalkapitány | Kapitány | Föhajónagy | Hajónagy | Folyami zászlós | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Italian Army[27] | Primo maresciallo dell'Impero | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maresciallo d'Italia | Generale d'armata | Generale designato d'armata | Generale di corpo d'armata | Generale di divisione | Generale di brigata | Colonnello comandante | Colonnello | Tenente colonnello | Maggiore | Primo capitano | Capitano | Primo tenente | Tenente | Sottotenente | Aspirante | |||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Italian Air Force[28] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maresciallo dell'Aria | Generale d'Armata Aerea | Generale designato d'Armata Aerea | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Aerea | Generale di Divisione Aerea | Generale di Brigata Aerea | Colonnello | Tenente colonnello | Maggiore | Primo capitano | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Italian Navy[29] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Grande ammiraglio | Ammiraglio d'armata | Ammiraglio designato d'armata | Ammiraglio di squadra | Ammiraglio di divisione | Contrammiraglio | Capitano di vascello | Capitano di fregata | Capitano di corvetta | Primo tenente di vascello | Tenente di vascello | Sottotenente di vascello | Guardiamarina | Aspirante guardiamarina | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Imperial Japanese Army & Army Air Service[30] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
大元帥陸軍大将 Daigensui-rikugun-taishō | 元帥陸軍大将 Gensui-rikugun-taishō | 陸軍大将 Rikugun-taishō | 陸軍中将 Rikugun-chūjō | 陸軍少将 Rikugun-shōshō | 陸軍大佐 Rikugun-taisa | 陸軍中佐 Rikugun-chūsa | 陸軍少佐 Rikugun-shōsa | 陸軍大尉 Rikugun-tai-i | 陸軍中尉 Rikugun-chūi | 陸軍少尉 Rikugun-shōi | 准尉 Jun-i | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Imperial Japanese Navy[31][32] | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
大元帥海軍大将 Daigensui-kaigun-taishō | 元帥海軍大将 Gensui-kaigun-taishō | 海軍大将 Kaigun-taishō | 海軍中将 Kaigun-chūjō | 海軍少将 Kaigun-shōshō | 海軍大佐 Kaigun-daisa | 海軍中佐 Kaigun-chūsa | 海軍少佐 Kaigun-shōsa | 海軍大尉 Kaigun-dai-i | 海軍中尉 Kaigun-chūi | 海軍少尉 Kaigun-shōi | 兵曹長 Heisōchō | 海軍少尉候補生 Kaigun shōi kōhosei | 海軍兵学校生徒 Kaigun-heigakō-seito | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manchukuo Imperial Army & Air Force[33][34] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
總司令 Zǒng sīlìng | 上将 Shàng jiàng | 中将 Zhōng jiàng | 少将 Shào jiàng | 上校 Shàng xiào | 中校 Zhōng xiào | 少校 Shào xiào | 上尉 Shàng wèi | 中尉 Zhōng wèi | 少尉 Shào wèi | 准尉 Zhǔn wèi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manchukuo Imperial Navy[35][36] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
總司令 Zǒng sīlìng | 上将 Shàng jiàng | 中将 Zhōng jiàng | 少将 Shào jiàng | 上校 Shàng xiào | 中校 Zhōng xiào | 少校 Shào xiào | 上尉 Shàng wèi | 中尉 Zhōng wèi | 少尉 Shào wèi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Netherlands Army[37] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generaal | Luitenant-generaal | Generaal-majoor | Kolonel | Luitenant-kolonel | Majoor | Kapitein/ Ritmeester | Eerste luitenant | Tweede luitenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Netherlands Navy[37] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Admiraal | Luitenant-admiraal | Vice-admiraal | Schout-bij-nacht | Kapitein ter zee | Kapitein-luitenant ter zee | Luitenant ter zee der 1ste klasse | Luitenant ter zee der 2de klasse oudste categorie | Luitenant ter zee der 2de klasse | Luitenant ter zee der 3de klasse | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian Army & Army Air Service[38] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General | Generalløjtnant | Generalmajor | Oberst | Oberstløitnant | Major | Kaptein/ Rittmester | Premierløitnant | Sekondløitnant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Norwegian Navy[39][40] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Admiral | Viceadmiral | Kontreadmiral | Kommandør | Kommandørkaptein | Kapteinløytnant | Kaptein | Løitnant | Sekundløitnant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Polish Army & Air Force[41] | Marszałek Polski | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generał broni | Generał dywizji | Generał brygady | Pułkownik | Podpułkownik | Major | Kapitan/ Rotmistrz | Porucznik | Podporucznik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Polish Navy[42] | Various | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Admirał | Wiceadmirał | Kontradmirał | Komandor | Komandor porucznik | Komandor podporucznik | Kapitan marynarki | Porucznik marynarki | Podporucznik marynarki | Podchorąży | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Romanian Army[43][44] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mareșal | General de armată | General de corp de armată | General de divizie | General de brigadă | Colonel | Locotenent-colonel | Maior | Căpitan | Locotenent | Sublocotenent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Romanian Air Force[45][46] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General-locotenent | General-maior | Comandor | Căpitan-comandor | Locotenent-comandor | Căpitan | Locotenent | Sublocotenent | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Romanian Navy[47] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amiral | Viceamiral | Contraamiral | Contraamiral de flotilă | Comandor | Căpitan-comandor | Locotenent-comandor | Căpitan | Locotenent | Sublocotenent | Aspirant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States Army & Army Air Force[48] | Various | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General of the Army | General | Lieutenant General | Major General | Brigadier General | Colonel | Lieutenant Colonel | Major | Captain | First lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Officer candidate | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States Navy[48] | Various | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fleet admiral | Admiral | Vice admiral | Rear admiral | Commodore[b] | Captain | Commander | Lieutenant commander | Lieutenant | Lieutenant (junior grade) | Ensign | Midshipman/Officer candidate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Red Army (Since Oct. 1943)[c][49][50] | Генерали́ссимус Сове́тского Сою́за Generalíssimus Sovétskogo Soyúza[d] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ма́ршал Сове́тского Сою́за Márshal Sovétskogo Soyúza | Генера́л а́рмии Generál ármi'i[e] | Генера́л-полко́вник Generál-polkóvnik | Генера́л-лейтена́нт Generál-leytenánt | Генера́л-майо́р Generál-mayór | Полко́вник Polkóvnik | Подполко́вник Podpolkóvnik | Майо́р Majór | Kапита́н Kapitán | Старший лейтена́нт Stárshiy leytenánt | Лейтенант Leytenant | Mла́дший лейтена́нт Mládshiy leytenánt | Курсант Kursant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Red Army Air Force[51] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Главный маршал авиации Glávnyi márshal aviátzi'i | Маршал авиации Márshal aviátzi'i | Генера́л-полко́вник Generál-polkóvnik | Генера́л-лейтена́нт Generál-leytenánt | Генера́л-майо́р Generál-mayór | Полко́вник Polkóvnik | Подполко́вник Podpolkóvnik | Майо́р Majór | Kапита́н Kapitán | Старший лейтена́нт Stárshiy leytenánt | Лейтенант Leytenant | Mла́дший лейтена́нт Mládshiy leytenánt | Курсант Kursant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soviet Navy[52] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Адмирал флота Admirál flota[f] | Адмирал Admirál | Вице-адмирал Vitse-admirál | Контр-адмирал Contre-admirál | Капитан 1-го ранга Kapitan 1-go ránga | Капитан 2-го ранга Kapitan 2-go ránga | Капитан 3-го ранга Kapitan 3-go ránga | Капитан-лейтенант Kapitan-leytenánt | Старший лейтенант Starshey leytenánt | Лейтенант Leytenánt | Младший лейтенант Mladshiy leytenánt | Курсант Kursánt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Yugoslav Army[54] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Бојни војвода Bojni vojvoda | Армијски генерал Armijski general | Дивизијски генерал Divizijski general | Бригадни генерал Brigadni general[g] | Пуковник Pukovnik | Потпуковник Potpukovnik | Мајор Major | Капетан прве класе Kapetan prve klase | Капетан друге класе Kapetan druge klase | Поручник Poručnik | Потпоручник Potporučnik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Yugoslav Air Force[55] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Армијски генерал Armijski general | Дивизијски генерал Divizijski general | Бригадни генерал Brigadni general | Пуковник Pukovnik | Потпуковник Potpukovnik | Мајор Major | Капетан прве класе Kapetan prve klase | Капетан друге класе Kapetan druge klase | Поручник Poručnik | Потпоручник Potporučnik | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Yugoslav Navy[55] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Адмирал Admiral | Вицеадмирал Viceadmiral | Контраадмирал Kontraadmiral | Капетан бојног брода Kapetan bojnog broda | Капетан фрегате Kapetan fregate | Капетан корвете Kapetan korvete | Поручник бојног брода прве класе Poručnik bojnog broda prve klase | Поручник бојног брода друге класе Poručnik bojnog broda druge klase | Поручник фрегате Poručnik fregate | Поручник корвете Poručnik korvete | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet |
See also
- Comparative officer ranks of World War I
- Comparative ranks of Nazi Germany
- List of comparative military ranks
Notes
- ^ a b an appointment rather than a substantive rank
- ^ Reintroduced in 1943.
- ^ For ranks used before 1943, see 1935–1940 ranks and 1940–1943 ranks
- ^ The rank was only proposed and never used.
- ^ Marshal and Chief marshal of the branch awarded to artillery, armored troops, signal troops and engineer officers.
- ^ Shoulder insignia was changed to a marshal star on 25 May 1945.[53]
- ^ Color on the epaulettes and on the sleeve where different depend on branch (see more Corps colors of Royal Yugoslav Armed Forces)
References
- Citations
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 121.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 123.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 126.
- ^ Mollo 2001, pp. 49, 51.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 51.
- ^ Littlejohn 1994b, pp. 62–63.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 214.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 215.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 192.
- ^ Ping 2009, p. 65.
- ^ Ping 2009, p. 93.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 194.
- ^ Ping 2009, pp. 81–83.
- ^ Rosignoli 1983, Plate 60.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 39.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 29.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 58.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 61.
- ^ Le Hunsec 2012, pp. 91–107.
- ^ Mollo 2001, pp. 11, 16.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 19.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 99.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 101.
- ^ Littlejohn 1994a, pp. 129–131.
- ^ a b Mollo 1981, p. 209.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 211.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 86.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 89.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 93.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 180.
- ^ Rosignoli 1983, Plate 53–54.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 187.
- ^ Government 1932, p. 117.
- ^ Government 1934, p. 145.
- ^ Government 1934, p. 152.
- ^ Government 1935, pp. 43–44.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 47.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 41.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 42.
- ^ Rosignoli 1980, pp. 152–153.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 23.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 25.
- ^ Littlejohn 1994b, pp. 95–96.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 203.
- ^ Littlejohn 1994b, pp. 98–99.
- ^ Rosignoli 1983, Plate 76.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 206.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 161.
- ^ Shalito, Savchenkov & Mollo 1993, p. 5.
- ^ Rosignoli 1972, Plates 58–62.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 169.
- ^ Mollo 1981, p. 177.
- ^ Vedomosti 1945.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 104.
- ^ a b Mollo 2001, p. 105.
- Bibliography
- Mollo, Andrew (1981). The Armed Forces of World War II: Uniforms, insignia, and organization. New York, N.Y.: Crown Publishers. ISBN 0-517-54478-4. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
- Mollo, Andrew (2001). The Armed Forces of World War II: Uniforms, Insignia & Organisation. Leicester: Silverdale books. ISBN 1-85605-603-1.
- Le Hunsec, Mathieu (2012-03-15). "L'amiral, cet inconnu". Revue historique des armées (in French) (266): 91–107. ISSN 0035-3299.
- Littlejohn, David (1994a). Foreign Legions of the Third Reich. Volume 3 (2nd ed.). United States of America: R. James Publishing. ISBN 0-912138-29-7.
- Littlejohn, David (1994b). Foreign Legions of the Third Reich. Volume 4 (2nd ed.). United States of America: R. James Publishing. ISBN 0-912138-36-X.
- Ping, Xu, ed. (2009). Zhōngguó bǎinián jūnfú (zēngbǔ bǎn) 中国百年军服 (增补版) [China Regimental 100 Years] (2nd ed.). Gold Wall Press. ISBN 978-7-80084-679-3. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- Shalito, Anton; Savchenkov, Ilya; Mollo, Andrew (1993). Red Army Uniforms of World War II in Colour Photographs. London: Windrow & Greene. ISBN 978-1872004594.
- Rosignoli, Guido (1972). Army badges and insignia of World War 2: Book 1. MacMillan Colour Series. New York: Blandford Press Ltd. ISBN 9780026050807. LCCN 72-85765.
- Rosignoli, Guido (1980). Naval and Marine Badges and Insignia of World War 2. Blandford Colour Series. Link House, Dorset: Blandford Press Ltd. ISBN 9780713709193.
- Rosignoli, Guido (1983). Badges and insignia of World War II: Air Force, Naval, Marine. Blandford Colour Series. New York: Blandford Press Ltd. ISBN 0-671-06008-2.
- "Указ Президиума ВС СССР от 25.05.1945 об изменении знаков различия – погонов для адмиралов флота" [Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 25 May 1945 on changing the insignia – epaulettes for fleet admirals]. wikisource (in Russian). Vedomosti of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. 1945. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
- Manshū-koku seifu kōhō-bi-yaku 満州国政府公報日訳 [Manchurian Government Daily Gazette Translation (No. 71-No. 82)] (in Japanese). December 1932. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- Manshū-koku seifu kōhō-bi-yaku 満州国政府公報日訳 [Manchurian Government Daily Gazette Translation (No. 227-No. 250)] (in Japanese). December 1934. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- Manshū-koku seifu kōhō-bi-yaku 満州国政府公報日訳 [Manchurian Government Daily Gazette Translation (No. 292-No. 313)] (in Japanese). March 1935. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
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