1863 Manila earthquake
14°33′N 120°54′E / 14.55°N 120.9°E / 14.55; 120.9[1]
MMI XI (Extreme)
The 1863 Manila earthquake struck the Philippines on June 3, 1863.[3][4][5][6]
Overview
The Manila earthquake on June 3, 1863, destroyed Manila Cathedral, the Ayuntamiento (city hall), the Governor's Palace (all three located at the time on Plaza Mayor, now Plaza de Roma) and much of the city. The residence of the governor-general was moved to Malacañang Palace located about 3 km (1.9 miles) up the Pasig River, while the other two buildings were rebuilt in place. Fatalities was 1,000.[2]
Epicenter and effects
The earthquake was described as disastrous, comparable with that of in 1645. Laid in ruins the cathedral and nearly all the other churches, except San Agustin, the palace of the Governor-General, the Audiencia, the barracks, warehouses, etc.; all in all, 46 public buildings in ruins and 25 others badly damaged. Of private houses 570 were destroyed, 531 were left tottering. Total, 1,172 buildings were in ruins or badly damaged. The number of victims was appalling, estimated that in Manila and the surrounding towns alone the number of killed reached 400 and the number of injured reached 2,000. The catastrophe likewise involved many towns in the District of Morong and the provinces of Manila, Laguna, and Cavite, where it destroyed churches and a great number of houses.
References
- ^ "Tokuji Utsu (宇津徳治)". iisee.kenken.go.jp (in Japanese).
- ^ a b Davis, Lee (2008). Natural Disasters (New ed.). Facts on File. pp. 85–86. ISBN 978-0-8160-7000-8.
- ^ Gealogo, Francis A. (2016). "Historical Seismology and the Documentation of Postdisaster Conditions: The 1863 and 1880 Luzon Earthquakes". Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints. 64 (3–4): 359–384. doi:10.1353/phs.2016.0033. JSTOR 26621935. S2CID 151885877.
- ^ "History of Disasters in Some Places in Philippines". Retrieved July 20, 2021 – via Scribd.
- ^ Blanco, John D. (2009). Frontier Constitutions: Christianity and Colonial Empire in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94369-8.
- ^ Kozák, Jan; Musson, Roger M. W. (2020). The Illustrated History of the Elements: Earth, Water, Air, Fire. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-21426-5.
See also
- v
- t
- e
- 1628 Camarines
- 1645 Luzon
- 1863 Manila
- 1879 Surigao
- 1880 Southern Luzon
- 1897 Mindanao
- 1913 Sulawesi–Mindanao
- 1918 Celebes Sea
- 1948 Lady Caycay
- 1955 Lanao
- 1968 Casiguran
- 1973 Ragay Gulf
- 1976 Moro Gulf
- 1983 Luzon
- 1988 Mindoro
- 1990 Bohol Sea
- 1990 Panay
- 1990 Luzon
- 1994 Mindoro
- 1999 Luzon
- 2002 Mindanao
- 2010 Mindanao
- 2012 Negros
- 2012 Samar
- 2013 Bohol
- 2017 Surigao
- 2017 Batangas
- 2017 Leyte
- 2019 Luzon
- 2019 Eastern Samar
- July 2019 Cotabato
- 2019 Batanes
- October 2019 Cotabato
- 2019 Davao del Sur
- 2020 Masbate
- 2021 Davao del Sur
- 2021 Davao Oriental
- 2022 Luzon
- November 2023 Mindanao
- December 2023 Mindanao
This Philippines-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- v
- t
- e
This article about an earthquake in Asia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- v
- t
- e